사설 특수교육기관 내 저체중출생아와 정상체중출생아 현황 및 문제특성 조사 = Sustained Effects of Low Birth Weight, Focusing on 4 through 6 Year-old Children in Private Special Education Institutes

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study is an investigation of the rate of low birthweight children with disabilities among 4 through 6 year-old children in private special education institutes located in P city. The kinds of disabilities, problems and detecting time are also examined. The sample consists of 133 children in the private special education institutes.
The results show that 27 children (20.3%) are low birthweight children and they are found to be disabled on 37 months after birth. Especially, children with very low birthweight (1.5-2.5kg) are detected to be disabled on the average of 38 months after birth, which is the latest. The types of disabilities are various among low birthweight children. The most frequently observed disability is language disabilities (48.2%). The problems of the low birthweight children are also various. They reveal motor problems (29.0%) most frequently. With the results of this study, we recommend the needs of continuous supervision and parent education for early identification of disabilities and intervention. This can be a way to reduce the risks of low birthweight.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 사설특수교육기관에 다니는 취학 전 장애아동 중 저체중출생아의 빈도 및 문제 특성에 대해 정상체중출생아와 비교하여 살펴보고자 하였다. P시에서 운영되는 사설특수교육기관에서 치료 및 교육을 받고 있는 4-6세 아동 133명을 대상으로 하였으며, 부모를 대상으로 설문을 통해 조사하였다. 연구 결과, 133명의 장애아동 중 106명(79.7%)이 정상체중출생아로 평균 34개월에 장애 여부를 확인하였으며, 저체중출생아는 27명(20.3%)으로 이들의 장애가 확인된 시기는 평균 37개월이었다. 이들 저체중출생아 중 1.5-2.5kg으로 출생한 아동의 경우 장애여부 확인이 평균 38개월에 이루어져 가장 늦게 확인된 것으로 나타났다. 정상체중출생아는 언어문제와 사회성문제가 다른 문제에 비해 상대적으로 많이 나타났으나, 저체중출생아는 운동 문제와 언어 문제가 특히 많이 나타났다. 특히 운동문제를 가진 저체중출생아의 비율은 정상체중출생아의 문제발생비율보다 3배 정도나 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 기반으로 저체중출생아의 발달상의 문제 및 장애를 최소화하고 예방하기 위한 방안으로 퇴원 후 유아와 가족을 대상으로 한 지속적인 관리와 부모교육을 통한 조기 발견 및 중재의 필요성을 제안한다.

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