제21대 총선 준연동형 비례대표제 개선에 관한 연구 = A Study on the Improvement of the Semi-interactive Proportional Representation System for the 21st National Assembly Elections

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The semi-interactive proportional representation system, which was first implemented in the 21st National Assembly elections, caused a number of problems including the emergence of satellite parties. Suggesting political alternatives to improve this is as follows:
First, Propose a proportional representation system by region. The whole country is divided into six regions, taking into account geographical features and living and cultural areas, and the number of proportional representatives of each region is allocated according to population proportions.
1. Plan is to maintain the number of seats in the National Assembly 300 as it is now, while setting the ratio of seats in constituencies and proportional representation to 2:1. In addition, linked proportional representation system by region shall be applied to The proportional representation seats while introducing narrow loss ratio proportional representation system.
2. Plan is to use a linked proportional representation system and adjust the number of seats as follows. The fixed number of national assembly members shall be 300 as of now, while the number of local constituency members shall be maintained at the current 253 and proportional representative seats by region shall be adjusted to the current 47.
3. Seats in the National Assembly shall consist of 253 local constituencies and 47 proportional representatives with the parallel proportional representative system and it shall maintain total number of members in the National Assembly at 300.
Second, few countries have adopted a linked proportional representation system under the presidential system. The interlinked proportional representation system does not fit the political reality of the Republic of Korea since structurally certain parties cannot dominate in Korea while strong presidents need strong opposition parties. The linked proportional representation system in the straight presidential system must be abolished immediately at the 21st national assembly and find new alternatives because the system not only goes against constitutional principle of checks and balances but also disables the function of ruling party’s judgement function, causes the pursuit of private interest through dirty transactions between the ruling party and the minority party and side effects of domination of legislative power.