연구논문 : 자연과학 ; 우간다 농경지의 토양비옥도 = Research Paper : Natural Science ; Soil Fertility of Arable Land in Uganda

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study was conducted to investigate the soil fertility and nutrient balances of smallscale farming systems, and its relation to alleviation of rural poverty of Uganda. Data from the observations of the small-scale farming systems and from the literatures concerning the soil fertility and rural poverty of Uganda were analyzed. Tested soils of arable land showed a low values of soil pH and soil fertility. Especially, contents of phosphorus in soil were very low. When the nutrient balances were estimated for small-scale farming systems and several crop monocultures, they showed a negative values for macro elements (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) in all small-scale farming systems except some banana-based arable lands. Especially, higher negative values of the nutrient balances were obtained at maize and soybean monocultures than other crops, which may be due to the fact that those were grown under deficient contents of nitrogen and phosphorus. Based on the results from analysis of soil fertility, the cause of existing rural poverty of Uganda can be explained as following flows in the viewpoint of soil characteristics; soil erosion and insufficient soil nutrient management cause nutrient losses in soil (low soil fertility). Low soil fertility, or nutrient deficiency in soil, results in low crop productivity per area, which, in turn, increases rural poverty. Improved soil pH and soil fertility of arable land is the most important factor for maintenance and increase of the soil productivity, and it may contribute to alleviation of the existing rural poverty in Uganda.