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    Deep Learning Architecture for Choice-based Recommendation System: A Case Study of Flight Search Engine

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    https://www.riss.kr/link?id=A108736054

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    다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract) kakao i 다국어 번역

    First, we propose a class of efficient models classed as choice-based recommendation (CBR) for parametric metrics, such as a logit model as a recommendation system using nonparametric approaches. The rest of the papers is organized as follow : we used a simple, streamlined architecture that uses a nonparametric approach such as a feedforward deep neural network (DNN). The study implemented a method to deal with a choice set with a fixed and variable-length option, investigate deep learning methods that consider each choice set as one sample point, the effect of embedding categorical features and accuracy impact, and the efficiency of batch normalization toward a more stable network. To check the performance of our approach, we conducted extensive experiments on multiple datasets and used the top-k accuracy as a metric. We then show the effectiveness of CBR across two industrial applications and use cases, including hotel booking and airline itineraries. The results show that the DNN outperforms the multinomial logit model (MNL) with significant top-k accuracy. The top-k accuracy was further divided into three different DNN models. Among the models, a model that included a layer with batch normalization embedding outperforms with top-k accuracy compared with the model that does not include both batch normalization and embedding layer in the proposed DNN architecture.
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    First, we propose a class of efficient models classed as choice-based recommendation (CBR) for parametric metrics, such as a logit model as a recommendation system using nonparametric approaches. The rest of the papers is organized as follow : we used...

    First, we propose a class of efficient models classed as choice-based recommendation (CBR) for parametric metrics, such as a logit model as a recommendation system using nonparametric approaches. The rest of the papers is organized as follow : we used a simple, streamlined architecture that uses a nonparametric approach such as a feedforward deep neural network (DNN). The study implemented a method to deal with a choice set with a fixed and variable-length option, investigate deep learning methods that consider each choice set as one sample point, the effect of embedding categorical features and accuracy impact, and the efficiency of batch normalization toward a more stable network. To check the performance of our approach, we conducted extensive experiments on multiple datasets and used the top-k accuracy as a metric. We then show the effectiveness of CBR across two industrial applications and use cases, including hotel booking and airline itineraries. The results show that the DNN outperforms the multinomial logit model (MNL) with significant top-k accuracy. The top-k accuracy was further divided into three different DNN models. Among the models, a model that included a layer with batch normalization embedding outperforms with top-k accuracy compared with the model that does not include both batch normalization and embedding layer in the proposed DNN architecture.

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    참고문헌 (Reference)

    1 C.C. Aggarwal, "Recommender systems" Springer International Publishing 2016

    2 A. Lheritier, "PCMC-Net: Feature-based Pairwise Choice Markov Chains"

    3 Y. Bentz, "Neural Networks and the Multinomial Logit for Brand Choice Modelling: A Hybrid Approach" 19 (19): 149-230, 2000

    4 G.E. Cantarella, "Multilayer Feedforward Networks for Transportation Mode Choice Analysis: An Analysis and a Comparison with Random Utility Models" 13 (13): 121-155, 2005

    5 G.E. Hinton, "Improving Neural Networks by Preventing Co-Adaptation of Feature Detectors"

    6 J. Lee, "Improving Flight Search Engine by Learning Consumer Preference Function from Choice Data" 12 (12): 1047-1052, 2018

    7 S. Santurkar, "How Does Batch Normalization Help Optimization?" 1-11, 2018

    8 M.C.M. d. Carvalho, "Forecasting Travel Demand : A Comparison of Logit and Artificial Neural Network Methods" 49 (49): 717-722, 1998

    9 C. Guo, "Entity Embeddings of Categorical Variables"

    10 B. Sifringer, "Enhancing Discrete Choice Models with Neural Networks" 1-3, 2018

    1 C.C. Aggarwal, "Recommender systems" Springer International Publishing 2016

    2 A. Lheritier, "PCMC-Net: Feature-based Pairwise Choice Markov Chains"

    3 Y. Bentz, "Neural Networks and the Multinomial Logit for Brand Choice Modelling: A Hybrid Approach" 19 (19): 149-230, 2000

    4 G.E. Cantarella, "Multilayer Feedforward Networks for Transportation Mode Choice Analysis: An Analysis and a Comparison with Random Utility Models" 13 (13): 121-155, 2005

    5 G.E. Hinton, "Improving Neural Networks by Preventing Co-Adaptation of Feature Detectors"

    6 J. Lee, "Improving Flight Search Engine by Learning Consumer Preference Function from Choice Data" 12 (12): 1047-1052, 2018

    7 S. Santurkar, "How Does Batch Normalization Help Optimization?" 1-11, 2018

    8 M.C.M. d. Carvalho, "Forecasting Travel Demand : A Comparison of Logit and Artificial Neural Network Methods" 49 (49): 717-722, 1998

    9 C. Guo, "Entity Embeddings of Categorical Variables"

    10 B. Sifringer, "Enhancing Discrete Choice Models with Neural Networks" 1-3, 2018

    11 M. Tan, "EfficientNet : Rethinking Model Scaling for Convolutional Neural Networks" 6105-6114, 2019

    12 L.A. Garrow, "Discrete Choice Modelling and Air Travel Demand: Theory and Applications" Routledge 2016

    13 K.E. Train, "Discrete Choice Methods with Simulation" Cambridge University Press 2009

    14 Y. M. Aboutaleb, "Discrete Choice Analysis with Machine Learning Capabilities"

    15 K. He, "Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition" 770-778, 2016

    16 S. Wang, "Deep Neural Networks for Choice Analysis : Architecture Design with Alternative-Specific Utility Functions" 112 : 234-251, 2020

    17 J. Howard, "Deep Learning for Coders with Fastai and PyTorch: AI Applications Without a PhD" O'Relly Media, Inc 2020

    18 T. Bodea, "Data Set-Choice-Based Revenue Management : Data from a Major Hotel Chain" 11 (11): 356-361, 2008

    19 J. P. Newman, "Computational Methods for Estimating Multinomial, Nested, and Cross-Nested Logit Models that Account for Semi-Aggregate Data" 26 : 28-40, 2018

    20 J. P. Newman, "Computational Methods for Estimating Multinomial, Nested, and Cross-Nested Logit Models that Account for Semi-Aggregate Data" 26 : 28-40, 2018

    21 D. Lee, "Comparison of Four Types of Artificial Comparison of Four Types of Artificial Comparison of Four Types of Artificial" 2672 (2672): 101-112, 2018

    22 임수창 ; 김종찬, "CNN과 학습 가능한 상관필터를 결합한 객체 추적 알고리즘" 한국멀티미디어학회 26 (26): 17-24, 2023

    23 S. Ioffe, "Batch Normalization : Accelerating Deep Network Training by Reducing Internal Covariate Shift" 448-456, 2015

    24 A. Lheritier, "Airline Itinerary Choice Modeling using Machine Learning" 31 : 198-209, 2019

    25 D. Nam, "A Model Based on Deep Learning for Predicting Travel Mode Choice" 8-12, 2017

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