The European Union aims to be a frontrunner in the field of sustainability and environmental protection, often positioning itself as a green leader. In response to the global climate crisis, the EU has adopted many ambitious climate initiatives such a...
The European Union aims to be a frontrunner in the field of sustainability and environmental protection, often positioning itself as a green leader. In response to the global climate crisis, the EU has adopted many ambitious climate initiatives such as the European Green Deal, the European Climate Law, and Fit for 55 packages to reduce carbon emissions. Above all else, the collection action by member states is the key to the success of these policies. However, the unanimity was challenged when Poland defected from the latest carbon regulation on transportation, which is vital to the EU’s green ambition to achieve net zero by 2050. Although this paper initially began by examining Poland’s policy choices concerning vehicle regulation, we identified a broader pattern in Poland’s consistent opposition to the EU’s climate policy. Therefore, our research focus widens to encompass the general implications of Poland’s defection from the EU climate directives.
The central research question of our study is: What socio-political factors drive Poland's withdrawal from the EU Climate Policy? While existing literature has often attributed Poland's environmental policy preferences to economic factors, our study probes into an alternative perspective by applying theories of socio-political policy preferences. In this qualitative case study, we construct and test hypotheses related to the influence of three distinct actors: (1) the executive branch, (2) the legislative branch, and (3) public opinion. Each actor is associated with a specific hypothesis that explores their respective roles and impacts within the framework of Poland's climate policy decisions.