20세기 하반기의 미 신문 1면 보도에 대한 다양성 분석 - 뉴스 토픽과 정보원의 분포를 중심으로 = Topic and Source Diversity of the Front Page in the New york Times, Chicago Tribune and the Los Angeles Times from 1950 to 2000

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 논문은 ‘다양성’이라는 규범적 가치에 입각해 뉴스 기사 선별 및 취재 경로와 관련한 미 신문의 뉴스 제작 방식에는 어떤 변화가 진행돼 왔는지를 통시적으로 살펴보고 있다. 이에 따라 본고에서는 ‘뉴스 토픽’과 ‘정보원’ 등 두 가지 분야에서 지난 50년간 뉴욕 타임스와 시카고 트리뷴, 로스앤젤레스 타임스 등 3대 유력 일간지의 1면 기사를 분석, 연대기적인 가치 변화를 추적해 보았다. 데이터 분석 결과, 지난 반세기 동안 미 신문에서 정부 및 정치권에 대한 정보원의 의존도는 지속적으로 줄어들고 있는 반면, 기업/산업체발 정보원의 등장은 점차 빈번해 지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 함께, 뉴스 주제의 분포에 있어서는 사건, 사고 기사의 감소와 군사, 안보 기사의 퇴조 속에, 경제, 건강, 교육 등과 같은 주제가 점차 활발하게 다뤄지고 있는 것으로 조사됐다. 그러나 전통적인 비인기 주제였던 빈곤, 노동, 소수자, 사회 갈등 등과 같은 토픽들은 시대를 거듭해도 제자리를 맴돌거나 오히려 줄어들고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study investigates the diversity of news topic and source of the New York Times, Chicago Tribune, and the Los Angeles Times in the second half of the twentieth century. In probing the conventional traits of the contemporary press, the researcher traced the changing patterns and trends of news values in terms of news-gathering routine in order to evaluate the journalistic role conception in terms of social responsibility theory. Findings indicated that the American press as a neutral transmitter has been consistently violated by source and topic bias without any significant changes during the last five decades. The data, however, revealed the evident shift of the contemporary press from the heavy reliance of official source to the business/economic source. In addition, news topics such as busisness, health, and education have replaced the conventional popular topics such as crime and accidents. By contrast, it was revealed that the unconventional topics such as poverty, labor and minority still fail to receive the large attention from the target papers.

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