‘很’의 문법화와 기능 분화 = The Grammaticalization and Functional Divergence of 'Hen'

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper examined the transition process from the original meaning of 'Hen' to degree adverb, and introduced various functions that are more grammaticalized from degree adverbs and distinguished from degree adverbs.
'Hen' came to be used extensively as a degree adverb in the Qing Dynasty, and the syntactic context that appeared was also expanded. During this period, 'Hen' appeared before verb phrases with quantity phrases, and functional differentiation took place into a 'Multiple Viewpoint Marker' that the corresponding quantity is subjectively considered to be large. In addition, in the form of 'Bu Hen X', a 'Tone Relaxation Marker' function, which pragmatically relieves the tone of 'Bu X' has also been created. On the other hand, it also has a function as a 'Non-contrast Marker' which is a funcion of distinguishing the adjective predicate from the contrast sentence by appearing in front of the adjective in the adjective predicate.
All of these functions show a grammatical appearance in terms of meaning and phonology compared to the case of the degree adverb 'Hen'. Therefore, this paper viewed them as markers that are in charge of grammatical functions distinct from the degree adverb 'Hen', and suggested that they are functions differentiated from the degree adverb 'Hen'.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 최신혜, "현대중국어 형용사 술어문의 ‘很’ 기능 연구 ― 대조언어학적 접근을 중심으로" 중국학연구소 (62) : 27-50, 2018

2 임경희, "중국어 程度副詞 ‘’의 형성과 발전" 중국어문논역학회 (30) : 437-465, 2012

3 이성하, "문법화의 이해" 한국문화사 1998

4 王国栓, "试探副词“很”和语法格式“A得很”的来源" (1) : 2002

5 梁伍镇, "论元代汉语≪老乞大≫的语言特点" (6) : 2000

6 李先银, "论“不很漂亮”格式" (2) : 2004

7 石毓智, "肯定和否定的对称與不对称" 北京语言大学出版社 2001

8 徐玮琳, "程度补语“很”的历时发展及跨语言考察" (1) : 2022

9 刘金勤, "程度副词“哏(很)”的共时分布與历时考察" (2) : 2016

10 丁声树, "现代汉语语法讲话" 商务印书馆 1979

11 石毓智, "现代汉语语法系统的建立——动补结构的产生及其影响" 北京语言大学出版社 2003

12 龙果夫, "现代汉语语法研究" 科学出版社 1958

13 中国社会科学院语言研究所词典编辑室, "现代汉语词典" 商务印书馆 2016

14 朱德熙, "现代汉语形容词研究" (1) : 1956

15 张国宪, "现代汉语形容词功能與认知研究" 商务印书馆 2006

16 张伯江, "现代汉语形容词做谓语问题" (1) : 2011

17 张谊生, "现代汉语副词研究" 学林出版社 2000

18 王力, "王力古汉语字典" 中华书局 2000

19 郭锐, "汉语形容词的划界" (10) : 2001

20 汉语大词典编纂委员会, "汉语大词典" 汉语大词典出版社 1993

21 郭锐, "形容词的类型学和汉语形容词的语法地位" (5) : 2012

22 李宇明, "形容词否定式及其级次问题" (1) : 1997

23 刘月华, "实用现代汉语语法" 商务印书馆 2001

24 陈复华, "古代汉语词典" 商务印书馆 2002

25 郑宏, "副词“很”的形成考" (11) : 2008

26 聂志平, "关于“X得很”中“很”的性质" (1) : 2005

27 孟建安, "修饰动词性成分的“很”" (3) : 1997

28 太田辰夫, "中国语历史文法" 北京大学出版社 2003

29 王力, "中国现代语法(上册)" 藍燈文化事業公司 1987

30 谢晓明, "“很不…”和“不很…”对形容词的量性规约" (5) : 2006

31 毋冬梅, "“很不X”和“不很X”格式研究" 吉林大学 2011

32 초팽염, "“很”的语法化过程及认知机制" 한국중어중문학회 (59) : 301-319, 2014

33 王静, "“很”的语法化过程" (4) : 2003

34 王静, "“很”的词性再议" (1) : 2003

35 王睿晨, "“很”字义的演变" (4) : 2018

36 饶繼庭, "“很”+动词结構" 1961

37 陈群, "“很+VP”考察" (3) : 1998

38 许建章, "“不很”和“很不”" (6) : 2009

39 최신혜, "‘很V’, ‘很VP’ 연구" 중국어문연구회 (106) : 51-75, 2021

40 Himmelmann, Nikolaus P., "What makes grammaticalization?" Mouton de Gruyter 21-42, 2004

41 Heine, Bernd, "Grammaticalization : A Conceptual Framework" The University of Chicago Press 1991

42 Larson, Richard, "Chinese as a reverse Ezafe language"

43 Dixon, R. M. W, "Adjective classes in typological perspective" 1-49, 2004

44 Dixon, R.M.W., "Adjective Classes : A Cross- Linguistic Typology" Oxford University Press 2004