교통 부문 온실가스 배출 데이터를 이용한 환경 쿠즈네츠 곡선 실증연구 = A Study on Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) Using Transportation and Warehouse Emission Data

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study examines whether the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) holds for greenhouse gas emissions (CO2, CH4, N2O) in the transportation and warehouse sectors, using country-specific data from international organizations. GDP per capita, export-import ratios, container port traffic, transport services for export-imports, and renewable energy consumption were used as independent variables. A quadratic regression model was used with five-year interval data. The analysis showed most variables were statistically significant, except for a few. The extended EKC revealed an N-shaped curve, with turning points around $8,100 and between $9,900 and $18,000. The study contributes to sustainable growth research, suggesting the need for more proactive environmental policies. Limitations include difficulty in capturing characteristics of developing or high-income countries, and future research should consider dividing countries by income or adding energy-related transport indicators.