요르단의 난민 정치학: 인권정책으로 살아남는 법 = Surviving through Human Rights Policy: The Politics of Refugee and Asylum in Jordan

국문 초록 (Abstract)

요르단 정부는 높은 정치적, 재정적 비용과 한정된 자원에도 불구하고 왜 인도적 가치를 강조하며 시리아 난민 문제 해결을 위해 적극 앞장섰던 것일까? 본 논문은 요르단 지역신문 심층 분석을 통하여 아랍의 봄 민주화 운동이 중동 지역을 강타하고 튀니지, 이집트, 리비아, 예멘과 같은 독재국가들을 전복 시킬 때, 요르단 정부가 국민들과 국제사회로부터 집권 정부에 대한 지지와 정당성을 확보하기 위한 생존 전략으로서 관대한 난민정책을 채택했다고 주장한다. 권위주의 국가인 요르단은 관대한 난민정책을 추진함으로써 민주주의를 위한 중대한 정치적 개혁을 거치지 않고도 아랍권 민주화 운동의 정치적 혼란에서 살아남았을 뿐만 아니라 현행 체제를 더욱 공고히 할 수 있었다. 본 논문은 요르단 정부의 시리아 난민정책 사례 분석을 통하여 권위주의 국가이자 국제난민협약의 비당사국에서 난민의 권리가 향상될 수 있는 조건에 대해 보다 포괄적인 설명을 제공하고, 국가의 국제난민보호규범 준수 이행 과정의 인과관계를 밝히는 데 공헌하고자 한다.

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