중년간호사의 직무만족도 = Job Satisfaction among Middle Aged Nurse

국문 초록 (Abstract)

연구 목적 : 본 연구는 우리나라 중년간호사의 일반적 특성과 경력별 특성이 직무만족도와 어떠한 관계가 있는지를 파악하고 직무만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 확인하며, 이들의 관계를 살펴봄으로써 중년간호사의 삶의 질을 높이기 위한 중재의 기초 자료로 활용하기 위해 시도 되었다.
연구 대상 및 방법 : 본 연구의 대상은 경남 및 부산광역시, 순천시에 소재한 종합병원에서 근무하는 40세 이상의 간호사 222명이었고, 2012년 4월 22일부터 5월 6일까지 우편조사와 직접설문조사를 실시하였으며 약 91.9%의 설문지가 회수되어 총 202부를 자료 분석에 사용하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS 18 통계프로그램을 이용하여 서술 통계, t-test와 ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient를 구하였다.
연구 결과 : 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다.
1. 중년간호사의 직무만족도는 5점 척도 평균 3.08±0.42점으로 선행연구의 결과보다 다소 높게 나타났다. 직무만족도 특성별 분류에서 상호작용이 3.45±0.52점으로 가장 높고, 업무요구가 2.62±0.71점으로 가장 낮게 나타났다.
2. 중년간호사의 일반적 특성 중 중년간호사의 연령(t=-5.708, p<.001)에 따른 직무만족도는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 45세 이상에서 직무만족도가 더 높게 나타났다. 종교유무(t=-2.450, p=0.015)에 따른 중년간호사의 직무만족도는 종교를 가지고 있는 경우가 종교가 없는 경우보다 직무만족도가 더 높은 것으로 나타났다.
3. 중년간호사의 경력관련 특성 중 직위(F=10.725, p<.0001), 총 근무경력(F=14.421, p<.0001), 현 직장 근무경력(F=9.498, p<.0001), 근무형태(F=7.062, p=.001), 동료관계(t=5.047, p<.0001), 연봉수준(F=5.400, p<.0001), 직장이직의사여부(t=-5.355, p<.0001)에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다.
4. 본 연구에선 중년간호사의 나이와 직무만족도에는 통계적으로 유의한 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다(r=0.406, p<.0001).
결론 : 본 연구결과에서 중년간호사의 연령이 높을수록, 종교가 있는 군 에서 직무만족도가 유의하게 나타났다. 직위, 연봉이 높을수록, 총 근무경력, 현 직장경력이 많을수록 유의하게 나타났고, 동료관계가 좋고, 이직의사가 없고, 근무형태가 주간 근무일 때가 직무만족도가 높게 나타났다. 이에, 직무만족도가 유의하게 나타나는 하부영역에 대해 그 관련요인 규명이 요구되며 반복연구가 필요하다 하겠다. 또 비중이 점점 더 늘어나고 있는 중년간호사의 직무만족을 높일 수 있는 다방면의 지지체계와 프로그램 개발이 필요하다고 보아진다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of general characteristics, career characteristics and job satisfaction of middle-aged nurse and to identify factors affecting the job satisfaction. This research was intended to contribute to the improvement of quality of life at middle-aged nurse.
Subject and method : The subjects of this study were obtained 222 nurses over the age of 40 who work for general hospitals in Gyeongsangnam-do, Busan and Suncheon. 202(91.9%) respondents completed survey questionnaires during the period of April 22nd to March 6th 2012. The collected data have been analyzed using SPSS 18.0 with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient.
Results : The result of this research is as follows.
1. The average of job satisfaction of middle-aged nurses was 3.08±.42 point in measure of 5 point. Compared with previous research, this score is a little higher. In lower region of the job satisfaction, satisfaction with interaction was 3.45±0.52 point and was the highest. On the other hand, satisfaction with business needs was 2.62±0.71 point and was the lowest.
2. In general characteristics of middle-aged nurse, there was a significant difference in job satisfaction according to nurse’s age(t=-5.708, p<.001), so nurses over the age of 45 have the high level of job satisfaction. In religious affiliation(t=-2.450, p=0.015), nurses having a religion have higher job satisfaction than nurses who do not have a religion.
3. In career characteristics of middle-aged nurse, there was a significant difference in job satisfaction according to position(F=10.725, p<.0001), total career experience(F=14.421, p<.0001), current job experience(F=9.498, p<.0001), type of work shift(F=7.062, p=.001), peer relationship(t=5.047, p<.0001), level of salary(F=5.400, p<.0001) and turnover intention(t=-5.355, p<.0001).
4. In this research, there was a positive correlation between age of nurse and job satisfaction(r=0.406, p<.0001).
Conclusion : In this research, the higher age of middle-aged nurse, the higher job satisfaction. In addition, nurses having a religion have higher job satisfaction than nurses who do not have a religion.
The higher position and salary and th more total career experience and current job experience, the higher job satisfaction of the middle-aged nurse. Also, job satisfaction of middle-aged nurses was increased when nurse’s peer relationships were good, had no turnover intention and working in daytime without shift.
Therefore, it is need to identify related factors of the lower region that have high job satisfaction and to research repeatedly. Because of a growing number of middle-aged nurse, various support system and program for them is thought to be needed.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 국 문 요 약························································································ⅳ
• 제 1 장 서 론·······················································································1
• 제1절 연구의 필요성··········································································1
• 제2절 연구의 목적··············································································4
• 제3절 용어의 정의··············································································5
• 제 2 장 이론적 배경·························································…··············6
• 제1절 중년기··…………··············································……………‥6
• 제2절 직무만족····························································……………‥9
• 제 3 장 연구 방법··············································································14
• 제1절 연구 설계················································································14
• 제2절 연구 대상················································································15
• 제3절 연구변수 및 연구도구···························································15
• 1. 일반적 특성··················································································15
• 2. 경력별 특성··················································································15
• 3. 직무만족 측정도구 ····································································15
• 제4절 자료수집 및 방법···································································16
• 제5절 자료 분석방법········································································17
• 제 4 장 연구결과···············································································18
• 제1절 연구대상자의 일반적 특성···················································18
• 1. 중년간호사의 일반적 특성··························································18
• 2. 중년간호사의 경력별 특성··························································19
• 제2절 중년간호사의 직무만족도····················································22
• 1. 중년간호사의 직무만족도···························································22
• 2. 중년간호사의 기관별 직무만족도············································25
• 제3절 중년간호사의 일반적 특성에 따른 직무만족도················25
• 1. 일반적 특성에 따른 직무만족도···············································25
• 2. 경력관련 특성에 따른 직무만족도············································27
• 제4절 중년간호사의 나이와 직무만족도와의 상관관계··············29
• 제 5 장 논의·······················································································30
• 제 6 장 결론 및 제언········································································37
• 참고문헌·····························································································40
• <부록> 설명문/연구참여동의서, 설문지·····································46
• ABSTRACT·······················································································53