율곡의 철학실천 정신과 계몽교육의 변증법 = Yulgok's Spirit of Philosophical Practice and Dialectics of Enlightenment Education

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper aims to explore the basic spirit of Yulgok's philosophical practice and, especially, to deeply examine its philosophical meaning by focusing on the dialectical matter of enlightenment education. The practical thinking of Yulgok's philosophy has the characteristic of understanding the categories of Self-Cultivation (修己) and Governing Others (治人) as complementary and communicating them harmoniously. Yulgok emphasized the integrated practice of Self-Cultivation and Governing Others, and advocated Practical Principles (實理) as its philosophical basis. And this leads directly to the realization of Trying to be Practical (務實), the core spirit of Yulgok's philosophy. Yulgok's Trying to be Practical (務實) is completed through the negation of Non-Practicality (無實). This philosophical thought of Yulgok has some similarities with the dialectical thinking of negation of Western critical theorists. This article focuses on these characteristics of Yulgok's philosophy and, in particular, on the dialectical thinking of enlightenment education, seeks to explore the significance of Yulgok's philosophy within a new paradigm. Yulgok viewed the primitive state before historical enlightenment as an era of delusion and ignorance, and emphasized the importance of true enlightenment through the political education and philosophical practice of saints. In the process, Yulgok pointed out the limitations of reality in which the reason emphasized for enlightenment was transformed into instrumental reason, and furthermore, this instrumental reason was transformed into barbaric reason, and eventually, the blind identity system such as irrational collective intelligence and racialism was strengthened and turned violent. He also pointed out the problems of rationalistic reason while critically mentioning the phenomenon of returning to mythological reason, such as shamanism and ghost worship. In short, Yulgok proposed a new enlightenment that asserts the enlightenment of enlightenment, that is, the negativity of enlightenment, and seeks to break down the mythologization of enlightenment. Yulgok's philosophical and practical problem awareness is still valid today, and its applicability is considered to be very high.