재난안전취약계층의 재난취약성과 재난복원력 연구: 재난안전취약계층의 복원력 지원체계 비교분석 = A Study of the Disaster Vulnerability and Disaster Resilience of the Disaster Vulnerable People: A Comparative Analysis on the Resilience Support System of the Disaster Vulnerable People

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Pupose : Out of the nation’s total population of 50 million (children, the elderly, the disabled, women, etc.) is about 36 percent, with 1 in 3 people surveyed as the disaster vulnerable people, and the trend has been steadily increasing. However, the organization in charge, budget, and legal system related to this matter are still insufficient. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to improve the disaster resilience of the disaster vulnerable people, which are more vulnerable to disasters, so thar disaster damage from them can be minimized. Methods : In this study, we analyzed the disaster vulnerable people laws and support system, of the U.S., Japan, and Korea for comparative analysis of the disaster resilience support system, along with case study of the disaster vulnerable people to achieve the research objective based on the study on disaster vulnerability and disaster resilience of the disaster vulnerable people. Conclusion : Currently, Korea is centered on overcoming physical, institutional, and information barrier in the field of fire fighting, construction and administrative against the “support system of disaster vulnerable people in case of disaster” and in disaster management manuals, but as with Japan, enhancing community response capabilities should be emphasized and sufficient on-site surveys should be conducted on disaster safety and the disaster vulnerable people. In addition, the manual should be shared with individuals as well as various entities in the community (hospital, business, welfare facilities, schools, organizations, etc.) and should be designed to be easily understood by anyone.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

연구목적 : 우리나라 총 인구 5천만 명 중 재난안전취약계층(아동, 노인, 장애인 여성 등)은 약 36%로 인구 3명 중 1명이 재난안전취약계층으로 조사되고 있으며, 꾸준히 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 하지만 이와 관련된 담당조직, 예산, 법제도 등은 여전히 미흡한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 재난으로부터 더 취약성을 보이는 재난안전취약계층의 재난복원력을 향상시켜 재난의 취약성에 의한 재난피해가 최소화 될 수 있도록 만드는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구방법 : 본 연구에서는 재난안전취약계층이 재난취약성과 복원력에 대한 연구를 바탕으로 연구목적을 달성하기 위하여 재난안전취약계층의 재난취약성 사례연구와 함께 복원력 지원체계 비교분석을 위한 미국·일본·한국의 재난안전취약계층 관련 법률과 지원제도를 중심으로 분석하였다. 결론 : 현재 한국은 “재난 시 재난안전취약계층의 지원체계”에 대하여 소방·건축·행정 분야에서의 물리적·제도적 정보의 장애물 극복 중심으로 진행되며, 재난 관리 매뉴얼에 있어서도, 기본적으로 매뉴얼을 소지하고 있는 개인이 위주가 되지만, 일본과 마찬가지로 지역사회 대응력 제고가 강조되어야 하며, 재난안전취약계층에 대한 충분한 현장조사가 이루어져야 한다. 또한 매뉴얼의 공유대상에 있어서도 개인 외에 지역사회의 다양한 주체(병원·기업·복지시설·학교·단체 등)로 이루어져야 하며 누구나 쉽게 이해할 수 있는 내용으로 설계되어야 한다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 이은애, "한국의 재해구호서비스 효율화 방안" 위기관리 이론과 실천 3 (3): 69-81, 2007

2 하규만, "한국의 재난대응체계의 바람직한 개선방향 연구 -미국․일본․한국의 국가재난대응체계의 비교분석을 중심으로-" 한국비교정부학회 15 (15): 209-232, 2011

3 송효진, "젠더 관점에서 본 재난안전 관련 법령의 문제점과 개선방안" 젠더법학연구소 7 (7): 147-170, 2015

4 김수동, "재난취약자의 현장조치 행동매뉴얼 비교연구 – 한국과 일본의 장애인 대상으로" 한국재난정보학회 13 (13): 155-162, 2017

5 장한나, "재난약자의 안전서비스 체계 구축을 위한 연구" 성균관대학교 국정전문대학원 11 (11): 1-24, 2016

6 최경식, "재난안전약자에 대한 지원시스템 개선방안- 재난안전정책 담담공무원 및 전문가 인식조사를 중심으로 -" 위기관리 이론과 실천 13 (13): 67-82, 2017

7 네모토마사쯔구, "재난발생시 ‘재난약자’ 에 대한 지역사회 지원체계 강화방안 연구 - 한ㆍ일 양국의 재난약자에 대한 사전조사 체계 비교를 중심으로 -" 위기관리 이론과 실천 10 (10): 67-87, 2014

8 임석준, "재난과 정치적 리질리언스" 동아시아국제정치학회 16 (16): 18-35, 2013

9 양기근, "재난 취약성 극복과 복원력 향상 방안 - 재난 취약성과 복원력의 개념적 통합을 중심으로 -" 위기관리 이론과 실천 12 (12): 143-155, 2016

10 김명구, "자연재난에 의한 재난취약계층의 재난안전복지 개선 방향 - 전라북도 임실군의 노인계층을 중심으로 -" 위기관리 이론과 실천 10 (10): 113-135, 2014

11 하규만, "미국의 국가재난대응체계와 시사점" 정부학연구소 16 (16): 45-72, 2010

12 "http://www.idaegu.com/?c=3&uid=395202"

13 Horwitz S, "Wal-mart to the rescue : Private enterprise’s response to hurricane katina" 13 (13): 511-528, 2009

14 Terry, C., "Vulnerability analysis and the explanation of ‘Natural’ disasters" University of Greenwich 2001

15 Mayunga J. S., "Understanding and applying the concept of community disaster resilience : The search for a holistic policy guide" 62 (62): 267-281, 2007

16 Judith Rodin, "The resilience dividend" Profile Books LTD 2015

17 Jones, N. L., "The americans with disabilities act and emergency preparedness and response" Congressional research service 2010

18 Shin, S. H., "The 3nd forum on future policies civil engineering dealing with climate change and urbanizationpreparedness plan for disasters in urban Areas" 63 (63): 36-51, 2015

19 Pine, John, C., "Technology in emergency management" John Wiley & Sons Inc 2007

20 Glavovic, B. C., "Social resilience: Building layers of resilience to transcend waves of adversity" 2005

21 Shim, G. H., "Research and analysis of disaster prevention measures for vulnerable populations in disasters" National Institute of Disaster Prevention and Training 2010

22 "Perspective of Network: A case study on U.S. hurricane and typhoon response in korea" National Crisis and Physics Association 210-226,

23 Perrow, C., "Normal accident: Living with high risk technologies" Basic Books 1984

24 "National Law Information Center"

25 Zhang, Y., "Modeling single family housing recovery after hurricane Andrew in miami-dade county, florida" Texas A&M University 2006

26 "Japanese Red Cross Institute for Humanitarian Studies"

27 United Nations, "International strategy for disaster reduction 2005. Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015: Building the resilience of nations and communities to disasters" UN ISDR 2005

28 Perry, D. M., "Inside the organization saving disabled people during hurricane harvey"

29 Nemoto Masatsugu, "Improvement strategy of social support system with the disaster vulnerable people" Korea Crisis Management Association 2014

30 Lee. H. J., "Forty-eight heat wave deaths this summer, 15% of LH rental homes don't even have heat shelters"

31 Tierney, Kathleen J., "Facing the unexpected : Disaster preparedness and response in the united states" Joseph Henry Press 2001

32 Gallant, Brian J., "Essential in emergency management including the all-hazards approach" The scarecrow press, Inc 2008

33 Petak, W., "Emergency management : A challenge for public administration" 45 : 3-7, 1985

34 Song, J. S., "Disaster response systems and programs in the united states : Experience from hurricane katrina and policy implications" 3 (3): 1-15, 2007

35 White, Barbara, "Disaster relief for deaf person: Lesson from hurricanes katrina and rita" Gallaudet University 2006

36 Sylves, R., "Disaster policy and politics emergency management and homeland security" CQ Press 2008

37 Schneid, Thomas, D., "Disaster management and preparedness" Lewis Publishers 2000

38 John, C. M., "Disaster inequality" Dong Gak 2016

39 John, C. M., "Disaster inequality" Dong Gak 2016

40 Yang, G. G., "Disaster and safety education for disaster vulnerable people: Focusing on children" Korea Crisis Management Association 2016

41 Schoff, James, L., "Crisis management in japan & the united states: Creating opportunities for cooperation amid dramatic change" Brassey’s Inc 2004

42 You, S. L., "Comparison of disaster response processes in local government through network" 2007

43 Zakour, Michael, J., "Community disaster vulnerability: Theory, research, and practice" Springer 2013

44 UCL, "Center for Research on the Epidemiology of Disaster Cord, & USIAD"

45 Hideyuki S., "An attitude survey of school disaster education : Answer from junior high school students in hirogawa town, wakayama prefecture" 28 (28): 67-80, 2009

46 Park, S. Y., "An analysis on the effect of regional characteristics on natural disaster recovery power" Inha University 2016

47 Yang, G. G., "An analysis of the korean disaster management legal system: The basic law on disaster and safety management and the basic law on natural countermeasure" Gyeongnam Development Institute 2006

48 Lee, E. A., "A study on volunteer activities for disaster relief : Focusing on cases of korea and japan" 2006 (2006): 3-13, 2006

49 Lim, S. B., "A study on the resilience according to the complexity of disaster" 21 (21): 179-195, 2017

50 Na, C. J., "A study on the improvement of legal systems for the safety constraints and safety perceptual zones" 3 : 3-27, 2013

51 Sung, G. W., "A study on the establishment of social underdog protection system in large disaster site" 7 (7): 1-22, 2011

52 You, S. L., "A study on the establishment of network governance" Association for the Management of State Administration 55-73, 2006

53 Lee, D. R., "A study on the change of disaster mitigation policy from disaster-fragility evaluation to disaster-fragility evaluation" 45 (45): 10-15, 2012

54 Wood, V. T., "A hole in the weather warning system: Improving access to hazardous weather information for deaf and hard of hearing people" 84 : 2003

55 McEntire, D, A., "A comparison of disaster paradigms : The search for a holistic policy guide" 62 (62): 267-281, 2002