Growing religion and growing religious restrictions: A global overview

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Major cross-national social scientific studies by the Pew Research Center reveal that theoverwhelming majority people today self-identify as being affiliated with one religion or another,and even among people who are religiously unaffiliated, many have some religious beliefs orengage in some religious practices. The prospects for continued growth of religious populationsappear strong as they are younger on average than the world’s religiously unaffiliated population. In recent years, however, despite—or perhaps related to—the global prevalence of religion,government restrictions on religion and social hostilities involving religion have been rising inmost regions of the world. While causes of the increase are numerous and multidimensional,data reveal a clear and strong association between government restrictions and social hostilities,a pattern particularly pronounced in the Middle East during the Arab Spring. Studies also showthat many people, especially in non-Western countries, have somewhat conservative and strongreligious beliefs and attitudes. Such beliefs and attitudes also have a connection to the level ofreligious restrictions and hostilities around the world.

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