공간능력과 공간검사 문제풀이 방략 사용의 성차 = Gender Differences in Spatial Ability and Using Strategies for Solving Spatial Problems

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구에서는 공간능력의 성차와 공간검사 문제풀이 과정에서 사용하는 방략의 성별 차이를 확인하기 위해 5가지의 유형의 공간과제(도형완성, 부분찾기, 3차원 심상회전, 2차원 심상회전, 전개도 접기)와 문항별 방략 선택지를 제시하여 공간과제 문제풀이 및 이 과정에서 나타나는 방략 사용에 대한 반응을 수집하였다. 대학생 및 대학원생 1063명으로부터 수집한 자료를 분석한 결과, 공간검사 총점에서는 유의한 성차가 나타나지 않았으나 3차원 심상회전 과제에서 남자가 여자에 비해 평균 검사점수가 높게 나타났고, 공간검사의 각 과제유형별 문제풀이 방략의 사용은 각 과제유형별로 양상이 조금씩 다르게 나타났다. 2차원 심상회전과 전개도접기 문제풀이에서는 여자가 남자에 비해 총체적 방략을 더 많이 사용하였고, 도형완성에서는 여자가 남자보다 분석적 방략을 더 많이 사용하였다. 3차원 심상회전에서는 여자가 남자보다 통합적 방략을 더 많이 사용하였으며, 모든 과제에서 남자는 여자에 비해 한눈에 보고 답을 찾는 방법을 더 많이 사용한 것으로 나타났다. 공간능력을 측정하는 검사에서 문제풀이 방략이 각 과제유형별로 성별에 따라 다르게 나타난 결과는 이제까지 공간능력 검사에서 나타난 성차의 원인을 파악하는데 중요한 단서를 제공할 것이다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

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