Identifying the role of interactive visual stimuli by digital tool in fashion design concept generation process : 패션디자인 컨셉 도출과정에서 디지털 디자인 툴을 활용한

국문 초록 (Abstract)

현대 사회는 지식　기반의 디지털　정보　사회로　변화하였으며　이러한　현상을　기반으로　창의적 사고에　대한 요구가　확산되고 있다. 컴퓨터의　사용의　일반화로　인해，　디자이너는　보다　다양한　정보에　즉각적으로　쉽게　접근할　수　있으며，디자이너의　새로운　컴퓨터　툴의　활용이　활발해졌다．　이러한　현상은　전체 디자인 과정 전반에 새로운　디자인　방법에　대한　접근과　새로운　종류의 디자인　툴의　사용이　활발하게　이루어지게　하는　원동력이　되었으며 디자인의 전통적인 방법을 벗어난 새로운 측면을 제시한다．　이러한　현상을　바탕으로 디지털　디자인　툴의　사용을　통한　상호작용적　시각자극이　어떻게　패션디자이너의　사고에　영향을　주며，이것이　패션디자인　과정에서　어떻게　적용되는지에　대한 문제에　대한　연구의　필요성을　인지하였다．　따라서　본　연구는　패션디자인　프로세스에서　상호작용적　디지털　툴의　활용가치를　규명하는　것을　목적으로　디지털　툴의　사용으로　발생하는　상호작용적　시각적　자극이　디자인　사고에　영감을　주는　요소와　디자인　과정에서　차이를 분석하고자　하였다． 이를 위하여 직관적이며 이미지적 사고를 특성으로 하는 패션디자이너를 중심으로 패션디자인　과정에서의 상호작용적　시각적　자극의　특성과 역할을 규명하고자 하였으며, 패션디자인　컨셉제너레이션　과정에서　디지털　툴　사용의　유무에 따른 디자인 사고의 특성과　차이점을 분석하였다. 분석은 디지털　툴　사용의　유무에 따른 디자인　컨셉트 도출　과정, 인지적 디자인 행위，디자인 사고　간의 관계를 중심으로 프로토콜 분석을 진행하였다. 연구를 통한 분석 결과는 다음과 같다.

1)　패션디자인　컨셉제너레이션　과정에 각　디자인 과정의 단계가　어떠한 비율로　나타나는지　분석한　결과，　Ideation 과정이 상당 부분을　차지한다는　점을　알　수　있었다．　초기 Ideation 과정과　Ideation 의　구체화　단계가　전체　디자인　컨셉　도출과정에서　가장　높은 비율을 차지하는　디자인　단계임을　알　수　있다． 특징적인　내용은　결정의 단계 （make decision）의　단계가　전통적인　디자인　과정에서보다　디지털　툴을　활용한　디자인　과정에서　더　높은　비율로　나타남을　알　수　있었다는　것이다．　디지털　툴　활용을　통해　발생한 상호적　시각 자극이　디자인 과정에서 패션 디자이너들의 비평적 시각적 사고를 더　활발하게　발생하도록　함으로써　시각적　미학적　평가의　과정이　더　활발하게　발생하도록　하는　경향을　보였다．
2)　디자인 사고　유형에 대한　분석　결과， 인지적 사고의　발생이　전통적　디자인　과정과　디지털　툴을　활용한　디자인　과정　모두에서 큰 비중을 차지한다는　것을　알　수　있다．　가장　특징적인　실험결과내용은　디지털　툴을　활용한　패션디자인　컨셉　제너레이션　과정에서　패션　디자이너들이 시각적인 사고와 유추적　사고에　초점을 맞추고 있는　경향을　보인다는　것이다. 디지털　디자인　툴의　활용을　통해 디자이너들의 상징적인 내부적　사고의　실질적인　시각화가　즉각적으로　이루어졌으며　그리고 이러한　현상은　상호작용적인　시각적　자극을　제공하는　역할을　함으로써　시각적 사고와 유추적 사고를　통한 디자이너의　해석과정의　강화가 이루어졌음을　알　수　있다．

３)　확장적인 시각적 자극과　비유，유추적　사고의 상호 작용을　통해　초기　아이디어의 확장적 변형이 최종 디자인　컨셉　도출로 연결되는　디자인　사고과정이　특징적으로　보여졌다． 디자인　사고과정에서　강한 시각적 이미지의 은유는 즉각적인 시각 자극 디지털 디자인 도구 사용을 통하여 수행되었다.
４)　디자인 사고 흐름에서의　특징을　분석한　결과， 상호작용적 시각적 자극의 기능은 디지털 디자인 도구 사용을　통해 디자인　사고과정에서　확장적　요인으로　작용하는　것을　알　수　있다．　이는　발산과 수렴의 사고 과정을　활성화하도록　하는　요인으로　작용하였으며　전환적　사고를　발생하게　하는　요인들을　제공하는　것을　알　수　있다． 이는　새로운　디자인　아이디어의 발생을 점화하는 역할을　하고 있으며　추상적인 생각들을　시각화하고　이를　즉각적으로　해석　및　평가　할　수　있도록　하는　연계적　도구로서　역할을 하고　있는　경향을　보인다．　디지털　툴　활용을　통한　상호작용적 시각적 자극은　패션 디자이너들의 초기 추상적인　아이디어를　구체화하고　새로운　아이디어로　전환　및　발전시키는　사고과정을　활성화하는　요인으로　작용한다.
이 연구는 디지털　툴의　활용한　디자인　컨셉　도출　과정에서의　디자이너의 사고과정의　특성 도출을 통하여 디지털　툴의　활용을　통해　발생하는　상호작용적　시각자극의　새로운 역할을 도출하였으며, 디자인　과정에서　디지털　툴의　활용과　디자인　사고　및　창의성의　관련성을　연구하는　연구로 관련된 분야의 기반 연구로서 디자인 방법론의 다양성 확대와 창의적 사고를 위한 방법과 툴을 개발하기 위한 기초자료로서 의의를 가지고 있다. 이 연구를 토대로 디자인 과정 세분화에 따른 사고의 체계화 및 분류화 측면의 실증적 적용을 위한 확대된 연구가 진행된다면, 상호작용적인　디지털　디자인　툴의　활용을　통해　디자인　과정에서　새로운　시각적　상징적　영감을　제공하고　이를　기반으로 창의성 유발을 할　수　있는 새로운　디자인　방법　모델을 제안할 수 있을 것이다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Modern society has become digital information oriented and knowledge-based, demanding creative thinking. In accordance with changes in the design environment brought about by developments in technology and computer science, design process based digital design use of digital tools in the design process has expanded and digital techniques have been used in a variety of ways in the design area. In particular, democratization of the use of the computers has given designers immediate access to a wide range of information elements and allowed them to use new computational tools. It has also led designers to approach new design methods and to use the various design tools throughout the whole design process. Moreover, design methods and processes have been diversified. This represents a new aspect, beyond the conventions of traditional methods of design.
Based on this perspective, this study addresses the question of how the interactive digital tools can improve a fashion designers’ thinking and how they can be employed in the design process. In addition, this research intends to identify the value of interaction in relation to fashion design process. Therefore, a comprehensive methodological approach is required for the observation of fashion designers’ thinking and the design process in relation to interaction. To achieve this goal, an experiment was designed for the observation of fashion designers’ thinking and activities to ascertain the possible applications of interaction through digital design tools in the fashion design process.
For achieve the purpose of this study, the study is approached to analysis how the interactive visual stimuli through the use of digital design tools effect on the concept generation process for fashion design. It aims to identify how the use of digital design tools enhances fashion designers’ thinking in the design concept generation process, and the usability of digital design tools as new methodologies to enhance creativity and expansion and diversification of design thinking in the fashion design process.
Based on literature reviews, design process, design thinking and interactive visual stimuli according to design sketch tools and analysis methods, a theoretical basis of this research for conducting the empirical study was established. An experiment appropriate for the analysis of fashion design concept generation process and fashion designers’ thinking was designed after conducting a pilot test. Main experiments were consisted of protocol analysis of twenty experiments and 10 participants for two different types of task for experiments. Each of participants took two different types of task in individual experiment for comparative analysis. The empirical study was designed to deduct characteristics of design process, thinking types and the role of interactive visual stimuli using digital tool by investigating concept generation process, design thinking process, visual and analogical thinking relationship in comparisons according to structure of design process.
1) The proportions of design phase in concept generation process were different according to the type of design task. Ideation stage accounted for a large proportion of experiments; whereas, initial ideation and concrete ideation took up more proportion in design concept generation process. Especially, make decision phase took up more proportion with interactive visual stimuli using digital design tool in the process. Fashion designers took aesthetical evaluation through critique and visual thinking, and they took various strategies such as imagination and analogy in design process.
2) Regarding the frequencies of the design thinking types, cognitive thinking accounted for a large proportion, but designers highlight focusing on the visual thinking and analogical thinking through simulating designers’ symbolic internal thinking with digital design tool. Strengthening and interpretation of visual thinking and analogical thinking was conducted by interactive visual stimuli using digital design tool.
3) Another finding for the function of interactive visual stimuli using digital design tool via the analyses of the transformative linkage is expandable and operational role in design thinking flow. The transformative linkage associated with divergent and convergent thinking process, and it has expandable role in concept generation process. The transformative linkage effects on transit and interpretation of abstract ideas as extensible factors in the process. Fashion designers produced ideal sources, novel ideas and develop initial abstract ideas through the transformative thinking process.
4) Extensible linkage could be performed within interaction of visual stimuli, imagination and analogy. Adopting transformative and extensible linkage for final concept generation appeared after simulating of design ideation drawing by digital design tool. With strong visual image metaphor is carried out through interactive visual stimuli using digital design tool.
Through features of fashion designer’s thinking process, protocol analysis, and experiments based on interactive visual stimuli using digital design tool, this research showed that the role of interactive visual stimuli using digital design tool for expender design thinking, and that this finding can be captured and instilled into various design situation and environment, to promote creativity and new methodology as well as effective new approach for fashion design.