정신지체아와 학습부진아의 작업기억 특성에 관한 비교연구 = A Comparison Study on the Capacity of Working Memory of between the Mentally Retarded and Underachievers

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 연구는 정신지체아와 학습부진아의 작업기억(working memory) 특성을 비교 분석하여, 그들의 인지능력 즉 정보처리 용량에 관련된 변인과 이에 따른 교수방법을 탐색 논의하였다.
연구결과와 논의를 통해 볼 때, 학습부진아의 작업기억 용량이 정신지체아보다 더 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 모두 지능과 연령 그리고 자극 제시시간변인이 기억탐색 속도, 전략사용, 부호화 등의 다양한 심리적 기제를 통해 작업기억 용량에 영향을 주고 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 그리고 정신연령과 자극 제시시간이 증가할수록 작업기억 용량이 증가되는 것으로 나타났으며, 이것은 정신연령과 자극 제시시간이 증가함에 따라 기억 수행에 용이한 심릭적 기제가 활성화 되고 있음을 의미한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The present study was designed to define the capacity of working memory (WM) of mentally retarded(MR) and Underachiever(UA). Subjects were 30 MR and 30 UA who were the same mental age, sampled from a special classes in the elementary schools and the middle schools in chungnam. Two group was formed according to three mental age (6,8,10) IQ scores ranges 50~75 for MR group, 90~110 for UA group.
In order to define the capacity of WM of MR and UA, group(MR, UA), mental age(6,8,10) and speed of task presentation (3", 6")were used as independent variables and the capacity of WM as dependent variables.
This study was taken following statistical methods in order to test study problems, problem 1 was conducted three-way analysis of variance by repeated-measures. Turky test was conducted to notice difference according to age.
The main conclusion were as follows.
First, the capacity of WM of UA is more larger than that of MR.
Second, there are significant differences in the capacity of WM of MR according to mental age and speed of task presentation. Again as mental age and speed of task presentation in crease, the capacity of WM of MR increases.
Finally, the capacity of WM of UA increases according to mental age and speed of task presentation. Jst as with MR, as mental age and speed of task presentation increase, the capacity of WM of UA increases.