Performance enhancement of low temperature processed tin oxide as an electron transport layer for perovskite solar cells under ambient conditions

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Most of the SnO2‐based perovskite cells (PSC) are either fabricated in a controlled environment or have low energy conversion efficiencies. In this research, we used a low‐temperature processed SnO2 as an electron transport layer (ETL) and fabricated planar PSC via a spin coating technique under ambient condition. By adjusting the concentration of SnO2 precursor solution, the efficiency of PSC was enhanced from 4% to 9%. Furthermore, different weight ratios of 3D‐structured crumpled graphene oxide (CGO), which was synthesized using a one‐step furnace aerosol reactor, were introduced into the SnO2 ETL to improve the PSC performance. The 0.25% CGO ratio resulted in a cell with highest Jsc of 21 mA/cm2 and the efficiency of 11%. Photoluminescence measurements also showed the benefit of doping SnO2 layer with CGO in charge transfer in the ETL and from the perovskite layer suppressing carrier recombination. The SnO2‐based ETL with the presence of CGO can be a promising ETL for low‐cost planar PSCs as well as tandem cells, fabricated under ambient condition.
Most of the reported SnO2‐based PSCs are either fabricated in a controlled environment or resulted in a very low performance of the cell. Herein, we successfully fabricated a SnO2‐based PSC not only using low‐cost and low‐temperature processed technique but also under ambient condition with an average relative humidity of 60%. The optimized cell obtained a high efficiency of 11% making it a promising concept for future commercial application of PSCs as well as tandem cells.