Methods and Locations for Embedding Heating Units into Base Layers for Smart Wear: Analyzing Thermal Responses to Automatic Heat Regulation

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

To set the on-off mode for efficient automatic heat regulation of a smart base layer, this study determined whetherthe location of the temperature input sensors for automatic heat regulation and the temperature range set for on-off wasadequate in a particular environment-clothing-body system. The experimental environment was set to both neutral (23.0±1.0 ºC,20±5 % RH) and cold (5±0.5 ºC, 45±5 % RH, wind velocity: 0.2 m/s). With eight male subjects wearing T-shirts andouterwear over smart base layers, both their skin temperatures and the clothing microclimate temperatures were measuredwhen the heating unit was in operation. Wearability was thus assessed, thereby allowing an examination of the relationshipbetween the temperature values of the input sensor and those of the heating unit. In this context, we set the reference value ofthe fabric-covered sensor to 34 °C and sewed the operating portion of the heat-generating pad into the inner side of the backarea of the base layer. When the heating unit temperature was set to 34 °C, the clothing microclimate temperature changed inresponse to changes in the external environmental temperature; this was detected by the temperature sensor attached to theheating unit of the smart base layer. Thus, in both environments, the back area skin temperature was maintained almostconsistently within the upper limit (38.4±2.0 ºC) of the skin temperature comfort zone. As a result of examining thetemperature changes according to the layering structure of clothing where the heat-generating device was attached, thelocation where temperature sensor A was embedded to receive the input signal within the heating unit and the set pointreflected the effects of the environmental temperature, body temperature, and clothing in balance, thereby demonstrating itssuitability for automatic heat regulation input signals. Here, the overall thermal sensation was 1.3-2.0 points and thussomewhat warm; overall comfort was also higher than average, at 6.4-7.3 points. In sum, neither the overall thermal sensationor comfort level substantially changed when moving to low-temperature indoor environments after wearing the automaticheat-regulating smart base layer. We therefore established that the body comfort zone was adequately maintained in bothgiven environments when the operating portion of the device was embedded into the base layer of the three-layer clothingsystem and while the reference value of the sensor temperature was set.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 J. G. Ziegler, 115 : 220-, 1993

2 S. Aziz, 163 : 1-, 2018

3 J. Huang, 30 : 325203-, 2019

4 B. V. Kumar, 3 : 85-, 2019

5 M. R. Moraes, 5 : 3807-, 2017

6 L. Peng, 26 : 6415-, 2019

7 J. S. Roh, 27 : 1165-, 2016

8 Y. Yao, 10 : 5272-, 2016

9 M. U. H. Al Rasyid, 8 : 155260-, 2020

10 X. Zhao, 14 : 8793-, 2020

11 S. Lam Po Tang, 18 : 108-, 2006

12 W. A. D. M. Jayathilaka, 31 : e1805921-, 2019

13 이경화 ; 김금화, "태양광을 활용한 스마트 다운재킷 개발 및 보온성능 평가" 한국패션비즈니스학회 19 (19): 92-108, 2015

14 이희란 ; 홍경희 ; 이예진 ; 김소영, "스마트 베이스 레이어 의복의 효과적인 발열모드 설정을 위한 사용자의 자율적 가열행동 연구" 한국의류학회 41 (41): 872-882, 2017

15 김사름 ; 노정심 ; 이은영, "사용자 경험 중심의 섬유일체형 온도조절 스마트재킷 개발과 착용성 평가" 한국의류산업학회 18 (18): 363-373, 2016

16 황영미 ; 이정란, "발열장치를 이용한 보온 기능성 스마트 파운데이션의 개발 및 평가" 한국의류산업학회 15 (15): 231-239, 2013

17 황영미 ; 이정란, "발열장치를 이용한 기능성 스마트 파운데이션의 구성 시안" 한국의류산업학회 14 (14): 588-596, 2012

18 Ministry of SMEs and Startups, "Technology Roadmap for SME 2018-2020-wearable-"

19 I. Dabolina, "Smart Clothing-Report of Laboratory Tests of Smart Clothing Technologies and Materials" Centira University of Applied Sciences 2019

20 이원준 ; 엄소희, "R & D of Smartwear Built-In TENS Device for Relief of Dysmenorrhea" 복식문화학회 17 (17): 320-329, 2009

21 Hyelim Kim ; 이선희, "Characterization of carbon nanofiber (CNF)/polymer composite coated on cotton fabrics prepared with various circuit patterns" 한국의류학회 5 (5): 1-13, 2018