베트남 한자어와 한국 한자어의 차이에 대한 소고 = VE NHUNG DIEM KHAC BIET CUA LOP TU GOC HAN TRONG TIENG VIET VA TIENG HANHIEN DAI

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

There are many differences between modern Sino-Vietnamese and modern Sino-Korean in terms of word classes such as the word class of natural phenomena (floods, storms, waterfalls, etc.), animals (buffaloes, eels, etc.), objects (hats, sport shoes); the word class of time; the word class of kinship(ancestors, nephews, nieces etc.); the word class of politics - society (visiting, tourism, company,etc.); culture - education (rectors, professors, students, scholarships, exams, libraries, museums, etc.); career or position (director, president, singer, etc.) ;and the modern equipments(telephones, televisions, cars, bicycles, refrigerators, etc.). These differences result from the fact that both Vietnamese and Korean are influenced by the way specific terms from the Western civilisations are translated by the Japanese, a pioneer in the East specializing in this translation field. Even in modern Chinese, up to 70 percent of the terminology in science and technology are of Japanese derivation. Korean, hence, is greatly influenced by Japanese while Vietnamese is affected by modern Chinese. In addition, the Vietnamese have actively translated some concepts in the form of pure Vietnamese (ao mua, du/o) or preserving the original Western language forms such as cars, films, or the name of some chemical elements like oxygen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, etc. In general, when considering words in Sino - Korean, (Sino - Japanese), and those in Sino-Vietnamese with the same concept, it can be seen that the words in Sino-Korean(and Sino-Japanese) keep the original meanings of concept better than those in Sino-Vietnamese. Let’s take the way the seven days o f a week was named in Vietnamese as an example. Except for the word “Sunday”(which was properly translated as the day of God in Vietnamese), all the other weekdays are merely named using the ordinal - from the second to the seventh. This shows how Vietnamese is greatly influenced by Chinese, which is obviously different from the way weekdays are named for the Sun and the major stars in the solar system in Western languages.