4세 아동의 말소리 발달에 대한 단기 종단적 패널 연구 = Short-Term Longitudinal Panel Study on Speech Sound Development in 4-Year-Old Children

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the development of speech production as children age by conducting a short-term, longitudinal study of typical 4 and 5 year old children. The authors examined the development of speech production with age and group shifts in consonant accuracy and compared the speech production characteristics of children with group shifts.
Methods: The word-level test of UTAP2 was administered to 37 children aged 4 and 5 to analyze speech sound development through analysis of consonant accuracy, revision accuracy, and error rate by error type.
Results: First, the target group of children showed significant gains in both consonant accuracy and revised consonant accuracy at 11 months. Second, there were somewhat different grouping and movement patterns between the two metrics when categorized into normal, suspected, and stuttering groups based on consonant accuracy and revised consonant accuracy. Third, there was a significant decrease in substitution and omission errors after 11 months, while there was no difference in distortion and addition errors. Fourth, all errors except distortion decreased in both upwardly mobile and downwardly mobile children, and we observed some cases where group classification varied by distortion treatment.
Conclusions: Even after children have stabilized their speech by age 4, there is still a chance for speech sounds to develop. Therefore, it is important to continue monitoring speech production until around school age. If distortions are close to the target speech sound, it is unlikely that they will be corrected by growth alone and therapeutic intervention may be necessary. As a result, treatment of distortion errors should be considered, even if the impact on communication is minimal.