현실사회주의 체제전환이론의 모색: 분절성과 동시성 = A Theory of System Transformation of Real Socialism: Discontinuity and Simultaneity

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

With a quarter-century history of system transformation of real socialism in the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, a more comprehensive analysis and review on the subject is necessary. Some of the particular characteristics of the system transformation in the former Soviet bloc suggest the existence of multilayered discontinuities as well as simultaneities in various socio-economic and socio-political spheres. In terms of the magnitude and implications, the region-wide system transformation has been unprecedented, and consequently, it presents academic opportunities to broaden and augment our conventional social science theories. Due to the divergent paths taken by the countries of the former Soviet bloc, devising a unifying theory on system transformation remains a challenge. However, more academic research should be directed at establishing a theory of system transformation especially from the fields of comparative politics and studies in comparative communism.
The system transformation of real socialism exhibits discrepancy with the conventional measures of revolution or reformation related to the regime change. Thus, it requires an approach and perspective of systemic change and systemic shift. Further, the analytic vantage point should take into account the multifaceted transformation taking place in political, economic, and social systems.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

현실사회주의 체제전환 25주년을 맞이하면서 전환이론에 대한 종합적 분석과 고찰이 필요하다. 동유럽과 러시아의 체제전환은 다양한 영역들이 분절성과 동시성이라는 특성을 보인다. 동시에 이 사례는 기존 경험들과 차별되면서, 기존 사회과학의 이론적 지평을 심화·확대시키는 학문적 의미를 갖는다. 국가별로 다양한 전환경로를 보이는 까닭에 획일화된 이론도출이 어렵다. 그럼에도 비교정치 또는 비교공산연구 영역에서 체제전환에 대한 시론적 이론정립이 필요하다.
현실사회주의 체제전환은 기존 체제변화에 관련된 혁명이나 개혁의 관점과 변별성을 보이면서, 체제변동과 체제교체의 관점에서 접근해야 한다. 아울러 정치체제, 경제체제 그리고 사회체제의 전환이라는 기본 관점에서 분석될 필요가 있다.

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