우리나라 자살률 추이의 재해석: 좌절된 소속감과 유전자-문화 공진화론의 입장에서 = An Explanation of South Korea's Suicide Rates: Focusing on Thwarted Belongingness and Gene-Culture Coevolution

국문 초록 (Abstract)

최근 들어 Thomas Joiner(2005)의 자살행동에 대한 대인관계이론이 높은 예측타당도, 이론적 체계성 및 간결성을 이유로 국내학자들의 주목을 받고 있다. 그러나 이 이론의 주요 개념인 '좌절된 소속감'이 내포하고 있는 진화생물학적 의미와 뇌과학적 중요성 및 자살행동과의 관련성에 대한 설명은 국내 학계에 충분히 전달되지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 진화 과정 및 뇌발달과 관련하여 소속욕구가 인간의 정상적 발달과 관련하여 지니는 중대한 함의에 대해 설명하고, 더 나아가 인구유전학 지식을 접목하여 유전자-문화 공진화론이라는 새로운 시각에서 우리나라의 자살률 추이에 대해 새로운 분석을 시도하였다. 이러한 분석은 우리나라 자살률 추이에 대한 기존의 경제관련 변수 위주의 해석에 비해 보다 통섭적이고 설득력 있는 설명을 가능하게 한다. 마지막으로 유전자-문화 공진화론의 입장에서 우리나라의 높은 자살률을 낮출 수 있는 실천적ㆍ정책적 함의를 제시하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Thomas Joiner's interpersonal psychological theory of suicidal behavior has garnered a sizable academic attention among researchers due to its predictive validity, theoretical solidity, and parsimony. In particular, a great portion of scholars' attention has been paid to the theory's main concept-thwarted belongingness. Nevertheless, the theoretical implications the concept has with regard to evolutionary biology, brain development, and its relationship with suicidal behavior have not been fully understood by many scholars. Thus, we discussed the substantial impact 'the need to belong' has on the normal development of a human being in the context of evolution and brain development. Furthermore, we offered an analysis of the Korean suicide trends from a different tack based on population genetics and gene-culture coevolution theory. The conceptual framework we have offered here is quite different and unique from other scholars' frameworks mostly focused on economy-based variables, and we argue that ours is more consilient and persuasive than those previous attempts. Finally, we presented practical and policy-related implications with a view to bringing down the high suicide rates of South Korea.

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