Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design(hereafter CPTED), CPTED, has been tried in various environments to suppress or prevent possible factors of crime through environmental design. However, it has a limitation that it turns into expandable bus...
Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design(hereafter CPTED), CPTED, has been tried in various environments to suppress or prevent possible factors of crime through environmental design. However, it has a limitation that it turns into expandable business without close study of characteristics of the location and social and cultural aspects. Thus, in the process of today’s CPTED, locals ‘participate’ and gain various options and apply to the results, which is ‘The 2nd generation CPTED’. Nevertheless, since there is no clear manual on participation method, it tends to be perfunctory local participation which causes lack of expertise of the result of CPTED and difficulties in realizing mutual values.
The second generation CPTED corresponds to the concept of Co-design in terms of participating design by cooperating with various experts and interested parties. Thus, we suggested application of Co-design concept for designing CPTED to show specific adequate range of local residents’ participation and tried to natural activation of community through participation to the business. Before developing the platform, we chose domestic CPTED cases as well as those of abroad and analyzed factors of Co-design and characteristic of area of local residents’ participation. As a result, first, creation of community must come first to apply people’s opinions to the output. Secondly, through experience of ‘contribution’ which comes from application of local resident’s opinions, people’s attachment should be established to continue CPTED after it’s done. Thirdly, we figured that in the analysis of local resident participation, people’s participation is insufficient in ‘Design and construct phase’ because it’s hard for them to show ‘design professionalism’. Thus, efficient distribution of roles is regarding ‘expert’ and ‘participant’ areas.
This study suggested evaluation criteria to smooth the process of ‘Local resident participation in design workshop’ and constructed Co-design based second generation Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design. This study also suggested process in the business. The platform was applied for CPTED areas in Banghak 1-dong, Dobong-gu in Seoul in 2017 which was conducted by the city. In order to verify validity of introduction of CPTED for the areas, survey was done for the residents in the area. As a result, target is areas where a lot of elderly is present where the feeling of solidarity is high among the neighbors but has frequent entering from outside people and old streets create fear of crimes. Also, cleanliness of the area, dark environment of streets at night time, serious danger to pedestrians due to illegal parking are found out. To solve the analyzed problems, we could conduct ‘Local resident participation in design workshop’ and find out specific locations where anxiety of crimes is created. In addition, we chose CPTED introduction factors for solving problems and established the concept of the area through design development process and applied to each design development process of CPTED introduction factors and deducted the result.
We could have results as follows with applying Co-design for the second generation CPTED in the world where ‘participation’ is emphasized. First, separating roles for ‘participants’ and ‘experts’ and helps smooth process. Second, ‘expert’ collects opinions from local residents’ participation, compromise and regulate them. Third, we expect the platform from this study can be used as a manual for doing effective ‘participation’ in CPTED business in the future.