조희룡(趙熙龍)의 시서화론 : "자연"의 재해석을 통한 시서화의 자율성 확대에 관해 On the extension of the autonomy of art through reinterpreting "Nature" = The Art Theory of Cho Hee-Ryong

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this thesis is to analyse the art theory of Cho Hee-Ryong (趙熙龍) who was an artist and literati in late Chosun. The art theory of Chosun began as the way to represent the thought and moral. But the fall-down of authority of Neo-confucian established by Chu tzu and the disorder of thought-world gave the art world the chance to intensify the autonomy. The situation accompanied with emphasis of emotion to reason and extension of concept of art. The inclination was accelerated by the middle-class literati's emancipation movement at the literature. As one of the middle-class literati, Cho Hee-Ryong knows the self inconsistency of the Kim Jung-Hee's(金正喜) assertion on the value of reason and the tradition, which is traditional requirement of scholar-official's art and art theory. The requirement contradicts to its basis, Nature which is beyond the rational activity without any emotional involvement. He brings the solution on the basis of the above new tendency of the art world in 19'th century in Chosun. Firstly, he asserts the individuality of artists as 'Nature' with the philosophical pluralism on those days. He argues that the individuality of artist is justified ontologically as the property given by Nature and reason, learning and tradition should be checked not to distort the emotion and the individuality given by Nature. Secondly, though on the tradition of 'transfer and illumination of object's spirit'(傳神寫照) as principle of creation, he extends the limit of the mentality-expression (寫意) of the proposition following the Buddhist theory which told all the world is above reason and the concepts. Therefore, art work exists on the realm of Nature over the Reason's activity of extorting Nature's harmony and the principle of creation of art work is that of choosing the aspect of Nature. Thirdly, as regard to the purpose of the creating the art work, though agreeing that the purpose is spiritual purifying and the amusing, he extends the condition of creating ideal literary works from controling the emotion to expressing it by diminishing value of learning. And he tries to participate social activity through the art. He hopes to share his art world with people. His art theory is significant as the extension and correction of scholar-official's art theory and extension of middle class literati's contribution from literary theory to the paint theory.