The importance of public open space has been emphasized to compensate for its insufficient functions because it is an urban planning facility that is relatively free to decide on the size and layout of urban residents by securing space that lacks park...
The importance of public open space has been emphasized to compensate for its insufficient functions because it is an urban planning facility that is relatively free to decide on the size and layout of urban residents by securing space that lacks parks and green areas.
However, in reality, there is a lack of research on whether it is neglected, used for other purposes, performing its original function, or satisfied with the function rather than supporting the insufficient space. In addition, there were studies that derived the physical components of public open spaces but did not consider the psychological matters of users. Through this, previous studies presented a satisfaction survey as a future study for citizens who actually used public open space and suggested ways to consider public open space that can be freely used in the city.
Therefore, this study was conducted by deriving the components of public open space centered on residential areas in a Multifunctional Administrative City. Thus, five places frequently used were selected as examples, and data were collected twice during June 2023 to analyze 158 valid copies. Furthermore, this study evaluated the importance and satisfaction of each attribute before and after use, using IPA analysis, which is known as an evaluation technique that can compare and analyze the relative importance and achievement of each attribute at the same time.
First, looking at the IPA analysis results of representative target sites, it can be seen that most of them are recognized in common. In the case of Dodam-dong 908, the area, the number of amenities, and the number of tangents must be maintained, and the distance to the adjacent road, the presence of the fence, and the relationship with the street are not important, but they are satisfied with the current status of construction. The connection to the surrounding notice, the distance of the residence, and the distance from the bus stop are essential, but they are dissatisfied with the current status of the construction, indicating that the most important improvement is needed.
In the case of Dodam-dong 936, the area, number of convenience facilities, and number of tangents need to be maintained due to high importance and satisfaction, and the relationship between the distance to the adjacent road, fence, number of entrances, and the street is not important, but it can be seen that it is currently satisfied. Although the connection to the residential area and the distance from the bus stop are important, it can be seen that they are not satisfied with the current status of the construction, which was interpreted as the most important task to be improved. In addition, the number of blocking obstacles in the public open space of the case and the connection with the surrounding notice were judged to be low-priority factors due to low importance and satisfaction.
In the case of Dodam-dong 917, it is necessary to maintain the area, number of convenience facilities, number of tangents, and number of entrances, and the distance from the road facing it is not important, but it has been confirmed that users are satisfied with the current construction environment. The number of blocking obstacles and the presence or absence of fences are low priority factors due to low importance and satisfaction, and the connection to the surrounding notice, the distance of the residence, the distance to the bus stop, and the relationship with the street are important, but the satisfaction is very low.
In the case of Goun-dong 2074, it can be seen that the area, number of convenience facilities, and number of tangents are located in the first quadrant, and it is necessary to maintain them as factors of high importance and satisfaction. The distance from the adjacent road and the number of entrances are currently satisfied, but it can be seen that the distance of the residence, the relationship with the street, and the distance to the bus stop are the most urgent factors to be improved.
In the case of 668 Daepyeong-dong, the 1.2 quadrant was found to be the most important factors to improve the number of blocking obstacles, the presence of fences, the connection to surrounding public open space, the distance of residential areas, the distance to bus stops, and the relationship with streets.
Second, in the case of daily life-type public open space, it can be confirmed that they are not satisfied in terms of the distance to the bus stop, the distance of the residence, the number of blocking obstacles, and the connection with the surrounding announcements. In addition, as a result of comparison through the graph, low scores were found in terms of the relationship with the street, the number of entrances, blocking obstacles, the distance to the bus stop, the distance to the residential area, and the connection to the surrounding notice, and were satisfied in the order of accessibility>convenience>openness.
In the case of linked public open space, it was also found that they were not satisfied in terms of distance from bus stops, distance from residential areas, number of blocking obstacles, and connection with nearby announcements. As a result of the graph comparison, low scores were found in terms of the number of convenience facilities, the presence or absence of fences, the number of entrances, the number of convenience facilities, the number of tangents, the number of blocking obstacles, the distance to the bus stop, and the connection to the surrounding notice.
In the case of residential function-supported public open space, they were not satisfied in terms of distance to bus stops, distance of residence, relationship with street, number of blocking obstacles, presence of fences, and connection with nearby announcements. As a result of the graph comparison, low scores were also found in terms of relationship with street, distance from bus stops, residential distance, presence or absence of fences, number of blocking obstacles, and connection to nearby announcements, and were satisfied in the order of accessibility>convenience>openness.
In the case of pedestrian public open space, it was not satisfied in terms of distance from bus stops, distance of residence, relationship with street, number of blocking obstacles, presence of fences, and connection with surrounding public open space. As a result of the graph comparison, low scores were also found in terms of the relationship with the street, the number of tangents, the number of blocking obstacles, the distance to the bus stop, the distance to the residence, and the connection to the surrounding notice.
In the case of rest-type public open space, the distance between the residential area, the distance between the bus stop, and the street showed the biggest difference. In addition, low scores were found in terms of area, number of entrances, number of contacts, fence presence, relationship with the street, number of blocking obstacles, distance to bus stops, a distance of residence, connection to surrounding notices, and satisfaction can be seen from the graph.
This study analyzed five cases as above to identify problems recognized by users using public open space in the Multifunctional Administrative City and to seek ways to improve them. Thus, the academic implications are as follows. First, this study was able to grasp the needs and preferences of actual users by evaluating the importance and satisfaction of public open space from the perspective of users of public open space in a Multifunctional Administrative City. This study can contribute to academic research on policies and strategies for improving and supplementing public open space and accumulating related literature.
Second, the IPA analysis method used in this study was able to derive relative priorities by simultaneously analyzing the importance and satisfaction of public open space. This study has the significance of academically revealing that it can help prioritize efficient resource allocation and improvement and has the implication that IPA analysis can be used for academic research in related fields.