청년층 흥미 분화 및 직무환경과의 일치도 변화 추정: 개인차에 영향을 미치는 생활사 효과 검증 = Estimating the change in the youth on the differentiation of interest and the degree of congruence for the jobs: The verification of biographical effect that affects the individual differences

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study estimated the change in the differentiation of interest and the degree of congruence in the youth according to the time, and examined the factors that affect the individual differences. Related factors of the changes, based on the previous studies, focused on the gender, age of the first measurement, self-esteem, and fostering environment. For the purpose of this study, multi-level model was applied to verify the change of the differentiation in time. Also, it searched for the relativity of the differentiation of interest and the degree of congruence, and looked at the change pattern as time goes. According to the result of the analysis, first, the differentiation of interest was found to decrease in general as time goes. The initial value of the differentiation of interest and the ratio of change came out to be different according to the gender, age, and the self-esteem. That is, the female with older age has higher initial value of the differentiation of interest in the first measurement than the male, and has a relatively slower differentiation speed. On the other hand, person with a higher self-esteem has a positive effect on the differentiation of interest as the number of measurement increases. And the differentiation of interest and the degree of congruence came out to have a static relativity. That is, as the differentiation increases, the degree of congruence with the desired work environment also increased. As the differentiation of interest proceeds well, it becomes easier to select a desired job that suits himself or herself, and the expectation for achieving it increases as well. Therefore, if the various factors of the differentiation of interest are found, they may provide implications for career counseling.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구에서는 29세 미만 청년층의 흥미 분화도와 일치도의 시간에 따른 변화를 추정하고 변화에 있어서 개인차에 영향을 미치는 변인을 살펴보았다. 관련변인은 선행연구에 기초하여 성(gender), 최초 측정시점의 연령, 자존감, 양육환경에 초점을 맞추었다. 본 연구목적을 위하여 우선 다층모형을 적용하여 흥미 분화도의 시간에 따른 변화를 검증하였다. 또한 흥미 분화도와 일치도의 관련성을 탐색해 보고, 시간의 흐름에 따른 변화패턴을 살펴보았다. 분석결과에 의하면, 첫째, 청년층의 흥미 분화도는 시간의 흐름에 따라 전체적으로 감소하는 것으로 나타났으며, 성, 연령과 자존감에 따라 흥미 분화도 초기치와 변화율이 다르게 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 즉, 여성이 남성보다 최초 검사시 연령이 높을수록 흥미 분화도 초기치가 높았고 상대적으로 분화속도는 늦은 것으로 나타났다. 한편 자존감이 높은 사람은 검사 실시차수가 많아질수록 흥미 분화에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 흥미 분화도와 일치도의 관계는 정적인 관련성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 분화도가 높아질수록 희망직업 환경과의 일치도가 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 자신의 흥미를 탐색하고 이에 맞추어 희망직업을 선택한다는 것은 진로가 성숙되는 과정이라고 볼 수 있기 때문에 우선, 흥미 분화를 촉진하도록 노력할 필요가 있다. 흥미 분화가 잘될수록 자신에 맞는 희망직업을 선택하기가 용이해질 뿐만 아니라 이를 달성할 수 있다는 기대감도 증가하게 된다. 따라서 흥미를 분화시키기 위한 다양한 변인이 규명된다면 심층적인 진로상담을 위해 시사점을 제공할 수 있을 것이다.

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