支配 槪念과 X' 構造的 關係 : 格理論을 中心으로 = Government vs. X´-Relations: With Special Reference to Case Theory

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this paper is to show that Chomskys (1993) attempt at replacing the notion head government with fundamental local X´-theoretic relations has not necessarily been successful, particularly when the Case checking theory of Chomsky (1993) is considered, although his project within the minimalist framework has achieved many desirable results.
The notion government, which has been playing a central role in the overall architecture of GB syntax, reveals its own shortcomings, in that the definition of the general concept of government has lost its catch-all character in the grammar, as pointed out by Park(1989). Furthermore, it raises a conceptual problem since it is formulated on the basis of more or less arbitrary geometric relations rather than of such indispensable relations as X´-relations defined on X´-structure. Granted that structural concepts like government carry out a crucial function in syntactic processes and principles, that does not necessarily justify the existence of the notion of government itself as a fundamental grammatical primitive. In other words, if syntactic processes and principles which allegedly make a crucial use of government are accounted for by some core fundamental relations other than government, we have every right to case doubt on the assumption that the notion government is a conceptual necessity in the grammar.
In his innovative theory of grammar, commonly called minimalist approach, Chomsky(1993) proposes that head government, one central variation of the more general notion of government, be replaced by the more fundamental notions of X´-theory, namely local X´-theoretic relations to the head of a projection, which seem closer to conceptual necessity. If this move is in the right direction - we believe it is - the concept of head government is now dispensable. The following are the fundamental local X´-theoretic relations that are claimed to substitute for head government :

(1) a. core relation : head-complement relation
b. elsewhere relation : Spec-head relation

Of these two fundamental X´-theoretic relations, Spec-head relation is the one that has a direct bearing on the Case checking theory of Chomsky (1993) (also of Chomsky and Lasnik (1993)). In the Case checking theory, the Case feature of an NP must be checked off by the functional head that also has the relevant Case feature to discharge. The operation of Case checking takes place when an NP bearing a Case feature to be checked off moves - overtly or covertly - into the checking domain of its Case checker. Chomskys (1993) definition of checking domain is based on Spec-head relation, one of the two fundamental X´-relations. It can be pointed out, however, that the checking domain of a head is not always congruent with the Specifier position of that head.
In configurations such as the one in (2), where no movement of a Case checking head X has taken place, the checking domain of X is congruent with the Specifier position of X.

(2) XP
／ ＼
NP X´
／ ＼
X

a. checking domain of X (MIN (RD(X))) : {NP}
b. NP-X relation : Spec-head relation

On the other hand, configurations like (3), where a head Y that has a Case feature to discharge has been adjoined to another head X, which plays a mediating role in the process of Case checking, do not allow congruity between the checking domain of the chain (Yi ,t i ) and the Specifier position.

(3) XP
／ ＼
NP X´
／ ＼
X YP
／ ＼ △
Yi X ·· ti ···

a. checking domain of (Yi, ti) (MIN(RD(Yi, ti)) : {NP}
b. NP-(Yi, ti) relation : ?

Although the definition of checking domain seems to work precisely as needed, therefore, it does not appear to overcome entirely the same conceptual problem raised by government. That is, it still defines somewhat arbitrary geometric relations when a checking head has moved to adjoin another head with the result that it must be defined with respect to the chain created by the head movement.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• I. 序論
• II. 支配의 槪念
• III. X' 理論的 關係
• 1. X' 理論
• 2. X' 理論的 關係
• IV. 支配, X' 關係 및 格理論
• V. 結論
• 參考文獻
• 英文抄錄