마가복음 4:1-9의 씨앗 비유에 담긴 예수의 길

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The inclusio structure of the seed parable, which starts with ‘hear’ (v.3) and ends with ‘let him hear’ (v.9), seems to be a parable on the basis of Deuteronomy 6:4-5 which also starts with ‘hear’ and emphasizes loving God by all means (heart, life, and power). Hence the fruit in this parable probably refers to the deed of following God’s word. The literary context of Mark (3:35; 4:14), which treats doing the will of God and interprets the seed as the word, supports this interpretation. The usage of the word ‘fruit’ also supports it. 4 Ezra 9:31 mentions the fruit of the law, and in Proverbs 10:16; 31:31 ‘fruit’ is paralleled to ‘deed.’ Also in Matthew 3:8, 10; 7:16, 20; Luke 3:9, ‘fruit’ refers to doing the will of God. The seeds which bear fruits are thus those who obey the word of God, and they are Jesus’ followers as in Mark 3:34-35. Their way is following the way of Jesus, who died and was buried into the earth but rose again as the seeds. Jesus’ death and resurrection are implied in this parable, and they are revealed in Mark 8:31-32 by Jesus’ plain saying, and finally by historical events. The seed parable is thus also about Jesus and the Kingdom of God as New Exodus which has come through him. On the background of Isaiah 61:11; Hosea 2:23; Jeremiah 31:27 which compare New Exodus (restoration of God’s people) to sowing the seeds, the seed parable may indicate how New Exodus comes.