제 3자의 이타적 처벌과 자아고갈 = Altruistic punishment of third party and Ego-depletion

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Regarding the altruistic punishment of a third party, an act committed by a person unrelated to the situation after witnessing an unfair situation. the inequity aversion model describes the experienced moral outrage when witnessing an unfair situation as a determinant of a third party's altruistic punishment, but does not address what cognitive processes lead to third-party punishment. Present study was intended to find out why moral outrage led to the decision of the altruistic punishment of a third party to approach the cognitive processing process through the theory of dual system and the ego-depletion incurred stronger punishment. For these purposes, 40 participants were randomly assigned to high and low ego-depletion conditions, manipulated ego-depletion, and then played third party punishment game, and measured the moral outrage experienced in each situation. Results of this study found that the more unfair situation participants witnessed, the more strongly they experienced moral outrage, but there was no difference between conditions. However, participants not only imposed stronger punishment on the more unfair the situation they witnessed, but also stronger punishments than high ego-depletion conditions were lower when the unfairness of the situation they witnessed was relatively high. These difference between conditions was significant even though controlling the effects of the moral outrage. These results indicate that the role of system 1 that is impulsive and emotion-based and system 2. which has adjust and self-control function on the altruistic punishment of third parties, and the reason why ego-depletion increases the third-party’s punishment is no because of the experience of increased moral outrage but because of the impaired function of system 2.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

불공정한 상황을 목격한 후 이 상황과 무관한 사람이 불공정 행위자에게 가하는 행위인 제 3자의 이타적 처벌에 관하여 불형평 혐오 모델은 불공정한 상황을 목격했을 때 경험한 도덕적 격분이 제 3자 이타적 처벌의 결정요인으로 설명하고 있으나, 도덕적 격분이 어떠한 인지적 처리과정을 통해 제 3자 처벌에 이르는지는 다루지 못한다. 본 연구는 도덕적 격분이 제 3자의 이타적 처벌 결정에 이르는 인지적 처리과정을 이중체계이론을 통해 접근하고 자아고갈이 더 강한 처벌을 초래하는 이유를 규명하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 실험 참가자들을 높은 자아고갈 조건과 낮은 자아고갈 조건에 무선적으로 할당하고 자아고갈을 조작한 후 자원 분배장면에서 불공정한 상황을 목격했을 때 처벌을 가할 수 있는 제 3자 처벌 게임을 실시하였고, 각 상황에서 경험한 도덕적 격분을 측정하였다. 연구 결과 실험 참가자들은 목격한 상황이 불공정할수록 도덕적 격분을 더 강하게 경험하였지만, 자아고갈 수준에 따른 차이 및 자아 고갈과 불공정성의 상호작용은 유의하지 않았다. 그러나 참가자들은 목격한 상황이 불공정할수록 더 강한 처벌을 가했을 뿐만 아니라 목격한 상황의 불공정성이 상대적으로 높을 때 높은 자아고갈 조건이 낮은 자아고갈 조건보다 더 강한 처벌을 가했다. 처벌 강도의 차이는 해당 상황에서 경험한 도덕적 격분의 영향을 통제했음에도 유의하였다. 이러한 결과는 제 3자의 이타적 처벌에 대해 충동적이고 감정에 기반한 체계 1과 자기통제기능과 강도에 대한 조정이 가능한 체계 2의 역할을 밝힘과 동시에 선행 연구에서 검증되지 않았던 자아고갈이 제 3자의 이타적 처벌에 영향을 미치는 이유가 자아고갈로 인한 체계 2의 활성화 실패에 기인함을 시사한다.

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