Endocytosis of poly(ethylene sodium phosphate) by macrophages and the effect of polymer length on cellular uptake

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Phosphorus-containing polymers are taking a growing interest as a bio-applicable material. Anionic poly(phosphodiester) is one type of phosphorus-containing polymer and has a similar backbone structure toteichoic acid (TA), which makes up the cell walls of gram-positive bacteria. In this study, we synthesized acopolymer of ethylene sodium phosphate and butynyl phosphate (P(EP Na/BYP)), which mimics TA and,thus, should be taken up by macrophages by the same mechanism as bacterial cells. In-vitro studiesshowed that RAW 264.7 mammalian macrophages exhibited higher uptake of P(EP Na/BYP) than L929mammalianfibroblasts. Further, the uptake of P(EP Na/BYP) by macrophages decreased in the presence ofdextran sulfate; this implies that the scavenger receptor contributes to endocytosis of P(EP Na/BYP). Invitrostudies on P(EP Na/BYP) with different lengths (38, 85, and 127 phosphate residues) showed that P(EP Na/BYP) with 127 phosphate residues led to the highest intracellular transportation and the leastgene expressions of IL-6 and TNF-α. These results demonstrate that water-soluble poly(phosphodiester)can be used as a modifier to deliver medical drugs to macrophages.

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