1 Goheen KL, "Torque generated by handheld screwdrivers and mechanical torquing devices for osseointegrated implants" 9 : 149-155, 1994
2 Semper W, "Theoretical considerations : implant positional index design" 88 : 725-730, 2009
3 Sutter F, "The new restorative concept of the ITI dental implant system : design and engineering" 13 : 409-431, 1993
4 Lang LA, "The influence of abutment screw tightening on screw joint configuration" 87 : 74-79, 2002
5 Binon PP, "The evolution and evaluation of two interference-fit implant interfaces" 3 : 3-13, 1996
6 Binon PP, "The effect of eliminating implant/abutment rotational misfit on screw joint stability" 9 : 511-519, 1996
7 Michalakis KX, "The effect of different implant-abutment connections on screw joint stability" 40 : 146-152, 2014
8 Becker W, "Replacement of maxillary and mandibular molars with single endosseous implant restorations : a retrospective study" 74 : 51-55, 1995
9 Fischer K, "Prospective 10-year cohort study based on a randomized controlled trial (RCT)on implant-supported full-arch maxillary prostheses. Part 1: sandblasted and acid-etched implants and mucosal tissue" 14 : 808-815, 2012
10 Schmitt CM, "Performance of conical abutment(Morse Taper)connection implants : a systematic review" 102 : 552-574, 2014
1 Goheen KL, "Torque generated by handheld screwdrivers and mechanical torquing devices for osseointegrated implants" 9 : 149-155, 1994
2 Semper W, "Theoretical considerations : implant positional index design" 88 : 725-730, 2009
3 Sutter F, "The new restorative concept of the ITI dental implant system : design and engineering" 13 : 409-431, 1993
4 Lang LA, "The influence of abutment screw tightening on screw joint configuration" 87 : 74-79, 2002
5 Binon PP, "The evolution and evaluation of two interference-fit implant interfaces" 3 : 3-13, 1996
6 Binon PP, "The effect of eliminating implant/abutment rotational misfit on screw joint stability" 9 : 511-519, 1996
7 Michalakis KX, "The effect of different implant-abutment connections on screw joint stability" 40 : 146-152, 2014
8 Becker W, "Replacement of maxillary and mandibular molars with single endosseous implant restorations : a retrospective study" 74 : 51-55, 1995
9 Fischer K, "Prospective 10-year cohort study based on a randomized controlled trial (RCT)on implant-supported full-arch maxillary prostheses. Part 1: sandblasted and acid-etched implants and mucosal tissue" 14 : 808-815, 2012
10 Schmitt CM, "Performance of conical abutment(Morse Taper)connection implants : a systematic review" 102 : 552-574, 2014
11 Lekholm U, "Outcome of oral implant treatment in partially edentulous jaws followed 20 years in clinical function" 8 : 178-186, 2006
12 Brånemark PI, "Osseointegrated implants in the treatment of the edentulous jaw. Experience from a 10-year period" 16 : 1-132, 1977
13 Yao KT, "Optimization of the conical angle design in conical implant-abutment connections : a pilot study based on the finite element method" 44 : 26-35, 2018
14 Hernigou P, "One hundred and fifty years of history of the Morse taper:from Stephen A. Morse in 1864 to complications related to modularity in hip arthroplasty" 37 : 2081-2088, 2013
15 Buser D, "Modern implant dentistry based on osseointegration: 50 years of progress, current trends and open questions" 73 : 7-21, 2017
16 Mishra SK, "Microleakage at the different implant abutment interface : a systematic review" 11 : ZE10-ZE15, 2017
17 Garine WN, "Measurement of the rotational misfit and implant-abutment gap of all-ceramic abutments" 22 : 928-938, 2007
18 Tsuge T, "Marginal fit and microgaps of implant-abutment interface with internal anti-rotation configuration" 27 : 29-34, 2008
19 Gracis S, "Internal vs. external connections for abutments/reconstructions: a systematic review" 23 : 202-216, 2012
20 Kitagawa T, "Influence of implant/abutment joint designs on abutment screw loosening in a dental implant system" 75 : 457-463, 2005
21 Binon PP, "Implants and components : entering the new millennium" 15 : 76-94, 2000
22 Shalabi MM, "Implant surface roughness and bone healing : a systematic review" 85 : 496-500, 2006
23 Coppedê AR, "Fracture resistance of the implant-abutment connection in implants with internal hex and internal conical connections under oblique compressive loading : an in vitro study" 22 : 283-286, 2009
24 Rangert B, "Forces and moments on Brånemark implants" 4 : 241-247, 1989
25 Blum K, "Fatigue induced changes in conical implant-abutment connections" 31 : 1415-1426, 2015
26 Nelson K, "Fabrication of a fixed retrievable implant-supported prosthesis based on electroforming: a technical report" 17 : 591-595, 2008
27 Binon PP, "Evaluation of machining accuracy and consistency of selected implants, standard abutments, and laboratory analogs" 8 : 162-178, 1995
28 Bozkaya D, "Efficiency considerations for the purely tapered interference fit(TIF)abutments used in dental implants" 126 : 393-401, 2004
29 Semper W, "Effects of repeated manual disassembly and reassembly on the positional stability of various implant-abutment complexes : an experimental study" 25 : 86-94, 2010
30 Ricciardi Coppedê A, "Effect of repeated torque/mechanical loading cycles on two different abutment types in implants with internal tapered connections : an in vitro study" 20 : 624-632, 2009
31 Dittmer S, "Effect of implant-abutment connection design on load bearing capacity and failure mode of implants" 20 : 510-516, 2011
32 Prisco R, "Effect of aging and porcelain sintering on rotational freedom of internal-hex one-piece zirconia abutments" 28 : 1003-1008, 2013
33 Lee FK, "Critical bending moment of four implant-abutment interface designs" 25 : 744-751, 2010
34 채성욱, "Complication incidence of two implant systems up to six years: a comparison between internal and external connection implants" 대한치주과학회 45 (45): 23-29, 2015
35 de Barros Carrilho GP, "Comparison of external and internal hex implants’ rotational freedom : a pilot study" 18 : 165-166, 2005
36 Goodacre CJ, "Clinical complications with implants and implant prostheses" 90 : 121-132, 2003
37 Dailey B, "Axial displacement of abutments into implants and implant replicas, with the tapered cone-screw internal connection, as a function of tightening torque" 24 : 251-256, 2009
38 Salinas TJ, "Anti-rotational features for osseointegrated implants" 13 : 352-, 2001
39 Semper-Hogg W, "Analytical and experimental position stability of the abutment in different dental implant systems with a conical implant-abutment connection" 17 : 1017-1023, 2013
40 Rack T, "An in vitro pilot study of abutment stability during loading in new and fatigue-loaded conical dental implants using synchrotron-based radiography" 28 : 44-50, 2013
41 Vigolo P, "An in vitro evaluation of titanium, zirconia, and alumina procera abutments with hexagonal connection" 21 : 575-580, 2006
42 Kano SC, "A classification system to measure the implant-abutment microgap" 22 : 879-885, 2007
43 Adell R, "A 15-year study of osseointegrated implants in the treatment of the edentulous jaw" 10 : 387-416, 1981
44 Jemt T, "3-year followup study of early single implant restorations ad modum Brånemark" 10 : 340-349, 1990