세계문화유산 조선왕릉 석조문화재의 재질특성 및 풍화양상 연구- 구리 동구릉을 중심으로 - = A Study on the Material Characteristics and Weathering Aspects of Sculpture Stone Around the World Cultural Heritage Joseon Dynasty Royal Tombs - Focused on the East Nine Royal Tombs -

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The East Nine Royal Tombs is a representative place in the Royal Tombs of Joseon (a World Heritage Site). It consistsof 1,289 stone artifacts including 979 related stone structures, 310 stone statues, and objects. Most of the stone structures inthe East Nine Royal Tombs are composed of biotite granite, but some tombs are composed of light red granite. As a resultof magnetic susceptibility measurement, the average data from Geonwolleung to Mongneung, excluding Hyeolleung,were similar, so it is estimated that stones were obtained from the same quarry. In the case of Sungneung, Sureung, andGyeongneung, the range of susceptibility measurement is widely distributed. It assumed that the newly produced stoneswere mixed in the moving and construction process. Also, stones might be gathered from different quarries. As a resultof a conservation status investigation, both the mound member and the ridge stone had the highest damage rate dueto peeling and granular decomposition according to surface weathering. In the case of surface discoloration, yellowingand soils were found in the burial mound members. Yellowing, blackening, and soil were identified in the ridge stonestructures. Bio-degradation is the major factor of deterioration of the East Nine Royal Tombs and the conservationstatus of the tombs were detected as grades 4 to 5. It seems that it is easy for the environment of the royal tombs to formsoil for the microorganisms and fine conditions for continuous moisture. In the case of structures, they are in relativelygood condition. As a result of a comprehensive damage rating for each tomb, the overall condition is good, but theGeonwolleung Royal Tomb and Hyeolleung Tomb, which were created in the early period, had relatively high weatheringratings. Stone objects in East Nine Royal Tombs have lost many pieces and gateway members due to surface deterioration.
Also, secondary damage is ongoing. Each damage factor of the stone artifacts of the East Nine Royal Tombs combinesto cause various and continuous damages. Therefore, it is necessary to establish regular conservation status data of thestone artifacts for efficient management after processing as well as conservation treatment of the royal tombs, and specificmanagement manuals and systems. This study investigated the conservation status of stone structures in the East NineRoyal Tombs, a World Heritage Site, and systematically classified them to provide priority and necessity for conservationprocessing. We look forward to establishing a plan for the conservation and management of the East Nine Royal Tombswith this database in the future.