대학생의 자아정체감 향상을 위한 마음챙김 미술치료 프로그램의 개발 및 적용 = Development and Application of Mindfulness Based Art Therapy on improving student's ego-identity

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The aim of this study is to develop a Mindfulness-Based Art Therapy(MBAT)program on improving student's ego-identity, and to verify the effectiveness of the program..
Research subjects are selected from the students at the Y-Univeristy in Gyeongsan city, so as to make divided groups composed of a group of 11 for Mindfulness-Based Art Therapy(MBAT), a group of 13 for Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction(MBSR), a group of 9 for Art Therapy(AT), and a group of 13 as control group. There were a total of 8 sessions for each division, and each session was held once a week lasting two hours. Repeated Measurement of Two-way ANOVA is adopted for the data analysis, while Scheffe test is taken for post verification. The results from the study are as follows. First, an MBAT program was created or developed to improve the university students' ego identity. Second, the MBAT program has shown an effect on improving the university students' ego-identity. The results from the development and application of MBAT for university students' ego identity are as follows. First, the MBAT program is meaningful despite its being a short term project because the program can be regarded as a program of integrative medicine grafted from MBSR and AT. Second, as to the target subjects of the program, the MBAT program can digest not only university students, but also children and adults as well for improvement of their ego identity.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구의 목적은 대학생의 자아정체감 향상을 위한 마음 챙김 미술치료 프로그램을 개발하고 적용함으로써 그 효과를 탐색하고 분석하고자 하는 데 있다. 연구 대상은 경산시에 소재한 Y대학교 학생들을 대상으로 집단구성은 마음챙김 미술치료프로그램집단이 11명, 마음 챙김을 기반한 스트레스 감소프로그램집단은 13명, 미술치료프로그램집단이 9명, 통제집단이 13명이다. 집단실시는 2007년 3월16일부터 5월 11일까지 주 1회 두 시간 씩 8회기를 실시하였고, 분석 방법으로 이요인 반복측정 변량분석을 사용하였다. 본 연구에서 나타난 결과로는 첫째, 대학생의 자아정체감 향상을 위하여 마음 챙김 미술치료프로그램을 개발하였다. 둘째, MBAT프로그램이 대학생의 자아정체감에 효과가 있는지를 분석한 결과, 자아정체감의 점수가 다른 프로그램에 비해 유의미한 효과를 나타내었다. 이상의 결과로 제언하자면, 첫째, MBAT프로그램은 단기 프로그램에도 불구하고 과학적으로 입증된 마음 챙김을 기반한 스트레스 감소프로그램과 미술치료프로그램이 접목된 통합의학프로그램으로서의 의미가 있다. 둘째, 추후연구에서는 자아정체감을 향상시키기 위해 대학생뿐만 아니라 아동에서 성인을 대상으로 연구해 볼 필요성이 있다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 장현갑, "한국형 마음챙김 명상에 기반한 스트레스 감소 프로그램의 제작과 SCL-90-R로 본 효과성 검증" 12 (12): 833-850, 2007

2 박아청, "한국대학생의 가정과 학교생활적응이 개체화와 자아정체감 형성에 미치는 영향분석" 한국교육심리학회 19 (19): 519-542, 2005

3 김희영, "청소년기 자아정체감 발달과 가정의 심리적 환경 변인과의 관계" 연세대학교 1986

4 한세영, "청소년 자아정체감 발달의 최근 국내 연구동향과 전망" 9 (9): 31-43, 2005

5 정영숙, "청소년 심리학" 시그마프레스 2004

6 정옥분, "청년발달의 이론" 양서원 1999

7 박아청, "정체감 연구의 전망과 과제" 학지사 2003

8 민하영, "저소득층 아동의 학교 적응: 아동이 지각한 부모의 양육행동과 아동의 자아정체감을 중심으로" 한국아동학회 25 (25): 81-92, 2004

9 이재창, "자아정체감과 역기능적 진로 사고의 관계에 대한 연구" 19 (19): 111-125, 2006

10 김동배, "인간 행동과 사회복지실천" 학지사 1998

11 유안진, "육아시설아동의 자아정체감과 심리 사회적 적응: 학령기 아동과 청소년을 중심으로" 29 (29): 135-149, 2001

12 장현갑, "스트레스 관련 질병 환자에 대한 이완과 명상프로그램의 적용" 한국건강심리학회 191-227, 2005

13 박장희, "복합순환모델에 의한 가족체계유형과 청년기 자아정체감발달과의 관계" 대한가정학회 40 (40): 49-63, 2002

14 최외선, "미술치료 기법" 학지사 2006

15 최외선, "미술기법을 이용한 집단 상담이 자아정체감에 미치는 효과와 동적가족화 반응특성" 3 (3): 101-115, 1996

16 정남희, 최외선, "만다라를 활용한 집단미술치료가 가정폭력 피해여성의 자아정체감에 미치는 효과" 한국미술치료학회 10 (10): 201-230, 2003

17 Smyth J.M, "Written emotional expression: Effect sizes, outcome types and moderatiing variables" 66 : 174-184, 1998

18 Miller, J, "Three-years follow-up and clinical implications of a mindfulness- based stress reduction intervention in the treatment of anxiety disorders" 17 : 192-200, 1995

19 Rogow, A. M, "The Relative Importance of Identity Status Interview Components" 12 : 387-400, 1983

20 Jacobs,B,J, "The Influence of a mindfulness based stress reduction program on perceived quality of Life" Dissertation-Abstract-International 62-, 2002

21 Newsome, S, "Teaching Counselors Self-Care through Mindfulness practices" 108 (108): 1881-1900, 2006

22 Michael. D, "Reevaluating the Identity Status Paradigm: Still Useful after 35 Years" 19 (19): 557-590, 1999

23 Shakin E, "Psychological aspects of breast cancer: One nation's approach to an international problem. In Breast Cancer" Heidelberg 89-99, 1989

24 Josselson,R, "Psychodynamics aspects of identity formation in college women" 2 : 3-52, 1973

25 Dumas,J.E, "Mindfulness-based parent training: Strategies to lessen the grip of automaticity in families with disruptive children" 34 (34): 779-791, 2005

26 Rocheleau,A.E, "Mindfulness-based intervention as an adjunctive treatment for enhancing outcomes obtained with traditional parent training for conduct problem children" Duke University 2001

27 Segal, Z. V, "Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy: A new approach for preventing relapse" Guilford Press. 2002

28 Eyberg, S. M, "Mindfulness and Behavioral Parent Training: Commentary" 34 (34): 792-794, 2005

29 Epstein, R. M., "Mindful practice in action(Ⅱ): Cultibating habits of mind. Families" 21 (21): 11-17, 2003

30 Epstein,R.M, "Mindful practice in action(Ⅰ): Technical competence, evidence- based medicine, and relationship- centered care. Families" 21 (21): 1-9, 2003

31 Shapiro, S. L, "Meditation and positive psychology. In : Handbook of positive psychology" University Press 632-645, 2002

32 Malchiodi,C.A.(ed.), "Medical Art Therapy with Adults" Jessica Kingsley Publishers 1999

33 Pennebaker J. W, "Linguistic predictors of adaptive bereavement" 72 : 864-871, 1997

34 Wegner,D, "Ironic processes of mental control" 101 : 34-52, 1994

35 Gilligan,C, "In a different voice: Psychological theory and women's development" Harvard University Press 1982

36 Leventhal, H, "Illness cognition: Using common sense to understand treatment adherence and affect cognitions interactions" 16 : 143-163, 1992

37 Erikson, E. H, "Identity: youth and Crisis" Norton 1968

38 Waterman,A.S, "Identity development from adolescence to adulthood: An extension of theory and a review of research" 18 (18): 341-358, 1982

39 Erikson,E.H, "Identity and the Life Cycle" 1 (1): 22-23, 1959

40 Kabat-Zinn, J, "Full catastrophe living: Using the wisdom of your body and mind to face stress, pain, and illness" Delta 2005

41 Luzzatto P, "From psychiatry to psycho-oncology: Personal reflections on the use of art therapy with Cancer patients. In Art Therapy in Palliative care" Rutledge 169-175, 1998

42 Kabat-Zinn J, "Four-years follow-up of a Meditation-based program for self-regulation of chronic pain: Treatment outcomes and compliance" 2 : 159-173, 1986

43 Josselson, R., "Finding herself: Pathways to identity development in women" Jossey-Bass 1987

44 Singh, N. N, "Enhancing treatment team process through mindfulness-based mentoring in an inpatient psychiatric hospital" 30 (30): 423-441, 2006

45 Stanton A. L, "Emotionally expressive coping predicts psychological and physical adjustment in breast cancer" 68 (68): 875-882, 2000

46 Singh, N. N, "Effects of role-play and mindfulness training on enhancing the family friendliness of the admissions treatment team process" 10 (10): 90-98, 2002

47 Kabat-Zinn J, "Effectiveness of a meditation- based stress reduction program in the treatment of anxiety disorders" 19 : 936-943, 1992

48 Goleman,D, "Destructive Emotions: How can we overcome them? A scientific dialogue with the Dalai Lama" Bantam Books 2003

49 Leventhal H, "Compliance: A self-regulation perspective. In Handbook of Behavioral Medicine" Guilford Press 369-436, 1984

50 Linehan,M.M, "Cognitive-behavioral treatment of borderline personality disorder" Guilford Press 1993

51 Gabriel, B, "Art therapy with adult bone marrow transplant patients in isolation: A pilot study" 10 (10): 114-123, 2001

52 Deane, K, "An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients" 10 (10): 147-157, 2000

53 Grotevant, H. D, "An Extension of Marcia's Identity Status Interview into the Interpersonal Domain" 11 : 33-47, 1982

54 Kidwell, J. S, "Adolescent Identity Exploration: A Test of Erikson's Theory of Transitional Crisis" 30 : 785-793, 1995

55 Hayes, S. C, "Acceptance and commitment therapy: An experiential approach to behavior change" Guilford Press. 1999

56 Monti, D. A, "A Randomized, Controlled trial of mindfulness-based art therapy(MBAT) for women with cancer" 15 : 363-373, 2006