The purpose of this study is to improve South Korea's response to North Korean terrorism by taking lessons from North Korea's continued terrorist attacks on South Korea since Korea's liberation from Japanese colonial rule until recently, the September...
The purpose of this study is to improve South Korea's response to North Korean terrorism by taking lessons from North Korea's continued terrorist attacks on South Korea since Korea's liberation from Japanese colonial rule until recently, the September 11 terrorist attacks in the heart of the U.S. in 2001 and various other parts of the world, including Europe.
To this end, this study was conducted through a literature analysis. Matters concerning North Korea's terrorism were recalled by re-examining common consensus conclusions in prior studies and analyzed the types of future North Korean terrorism expected by the author in consideration of international and Korean Peninsula situations. And among the common points that have been pointed out since the enactment of the Anti-Terrorism Act, the author presented specific alternatives along with various examples of counterterrorism policies in advanced countries such as the United States.
In this study, the main characteristics of North Korean terrorism are directly directed and supported by South Korea, and the purpose of the attack was to create the exhalation of unification through social turmoil in the Republic of Korea, and to unite the regime and ease the instability of the situation by creating hostility and tension toward the outside world. It was expected that such terrorist attacks on North Korea would continue to occur as a type that could achieve the purpose of terrorist acts but hide behind them due to the U.S. economic sanctions, the recent restoration of inter-Korean relations, economic development and the promotion of normal nationalization. Specific types of future North Korean terrorism suggested first, indirect aid terrorism through links between insurgents living at home and abroad and overseas terrorist organizations in South Korea, second, cyber terrorism, which North Korea considers a multipurpose knife, and third, biological terrorism, which surpasses the power of hydrogen bombs in small quantities but can hide behind them.
In order to prevent terrorism, Korea enacted the "Terrorism Prevention Act for the Protection of the People and Public Safety (hereinafter referred to as the "Terrorism Prevention Act") in March 2016, and even the enactment of the Anti-Terrorism Act requires improvement in the nation's anti-terrorism measures. First, it presented the definition of a terrorist entity that did not take into account the special circumstances of the two Koreas, the problem of operating an anti-terrorism center that should serve as a control tower for the prevention and response of terrorism, the lack of legal grounds for counterterrorism, and the lack of integrated countermeasures against the recent increase in cyber terrorism.
As a way to improve this, first, it is necessary to amend the definition of terrorist actors and terrorist organizations to include North Korea and lonely wolves (self-help terrorism) in the main body of terrorism, and secondly, to designate timely terrorist organizations, and to legally specify the authority and reorganization of organizations to comprehensively manage, direct, and control terrorism, and thirdly, the President's regulation on terrorism to meet the purpose of the enactment of the anti-terrorism law.