Identification of a candidate gene controlling semi-dwarfifi sm in watermelon, Citrullus lanatus, using a combination of genetic linkage mapping and QTL-seq

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Dwarfi sm in crops is a useful breeding trait. In this study, we aimed to identify a candidate gene controlling semi-dwarfi smin watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus ) using a combination of genetic mapping and quantitative trait loci (QTL)-seq. We evaluatedphenotypes using an F 2 and F 2:3 population derived from a cross between a “Bush Sugar Baby” (BSB, semi-dwarftype) and a PCL-J1 (normal type) cultivar. Results indicated that a single recessive gene confers semi-dwarfi sm in BSB. Weconstructed a genetic map using 180 F 2 plants and 336 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), detected using genotypingby-sequencing, and mapped the semi-dwarfi sm locus, sdw-1 , between the SNP markers linked by 9.6 cM (0.99 Mb) on Chr. 9.
QTL analysis pointed to the same genomic location for sdw-1 using single-marker analysis. Further, based on the QTL-seq,we identifi ed a signifi cant genomic region for sdw-1 that matched with the sdw-1- fl anking region in the genetic linkage map.
This 1-Mb region was narrowed down by mapping three SNP markers developed from the QTL-seq data. The sdw-1 locuswas mapped to the 0.44-Mb genomic region, which harbored 13 genes. One of the 13 genes, ClCG09G018320 (ATP-bindingcassette (ABC) transporter B family member 19), showed the SNPs in its coding sequence, and cleaved amplifi ed APSmarkers developed from those SNPs co-segregated with sdw-1 in fi ne mapping using 620 F 2 plants. Our results implied thata frameshift mutation in the ABC transporter gene and the resulting alteration in auxin transportation are the most likely tobe responsible for semi-dwarfi sm in BSB.

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