존 칼빈과 한국장로교회의 기독교 신학에 관한 비교연구 (I): 신론에서 성령론까지를 중심으로 = A Comparative Study on Christian Theology of John Calvin & the Presbyterian Church of Korea (I): Centered from Theology Proper to Pneumatology

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Christian Theology of the Presbyterian Church of Korea was influenced by Theology System of John Calvin. According to Timothy George, “The first edition of the Institutes contained only a meager statement on the Trinity; the word itself (sacra trinitas) is mentioned only twice.”, but System of his Institutes dealt all the doctrines actually in the Trinitarian frame as follows,“Book 1: The Knowledge of God the Creator, Book 2: The Knowledge of God the Redeemer, Book 3: (The Work of God the Holy Spirit): The way in which we receive in grace of Christ, its benefits and effects, Book 4: The external means by which God invites us into the society of Christ.” Christian Theology is an article of faith not only the Orthodox Presbyterian church but also all denominations of the reformed church accepts in common. Today, there are heretics of various kinds that deny the divine nature of Christ and the Holy Spirit and as a result deny the doctrine of trinity. Therefore, we cannot find sound doctrines of God, Man, Christ, the Holy Spirit, Salvation, the Church, and the last things from the heretics. In such dimensions, it is the aim of the present writer to compare the doctrine of the trinity which John Calvin and the Presbyterian Church of Korea has written about, while being aware of the fact that liberal theology`s denial of the trinity and their unitarianism and binitarianism are trends of thought that are challenging and obstructing the Apostolic Orthodox doctrine. Calvin`s doctrine of the trinity, though minutely, starts off in the first edition (1536) of the ``Institutes.`` Calvin`s doctrine of the trinity is completed in the final edition (1559-1560), chapter 13 of book one. Calvin`s wish was a concrete testimony of the Bible, but ultimately he did not reject the doctrinal system of the preceding Church Fathers. The central theme in his doctrine of the trinity was “the consistency within one essence and the distinction between three persons,” and this is agreement with the perspective of Athanasius. I think that Most of sects of the Presbyterian Church of Korea, for example Hapdong, Tonghap, Kosin, Kichang denomination, believe still the Doctrine of the Trinity (God the Father, God the Son, God the Holy Spirit; the distinction between three persons in One God; within one essence and the distinction between three persons), but every heresy does not believe the Doctrine of the Trinity.