아르메니아-아제르바이잔 분쟁의 기원과 전개: 정체성과 지정학적 이해의 충돌 = The origin and development of the Armenian-Azerbaijan conflict:Conflicts of identity and geopolitical interests

국문 초록 (Abstract)

아르메니아와 아제르바이잔간 나고르노-카라바흐 분쟁은 가공된 당위성과 과도한 민족주의를 정치적 기반으로 하는 국가간 대립이다. 그리고 비대칭적인 권력자원을 갖는 국가간 현실주의적 힘의 논리와 정치적 전략 역시 분쟁의 내재적 요인이다. 또한 유라시아주의(Eurasianism)를 내건 전통적인 패권국인 러시아와 아제르바이잔과 유착한 터키의 지정학적 이해 역시 분쟁의 동인이다. 이에 대응한 미국과 유럽연합의 정책 역시 분쟁의 외재적 요인을 형성한다.
2차 나고르노-카라바흐 전쟁은 정치적으로 불안정하고 경제적으로 취약한 민주주의 국가와 정치, 군사적으로 견고한 입지를 다진 권위주의 국가간 권력자원 확보를 위한 충돌이다. 전쟁에서 승리한 아제르바이잔의 권위주의 정부는 더욱 확고한 정치적 정당성과 경제성장의 기틀을 마련하였다. 반면, 나고르노-카라바흐에서 지배권을 상실한 아르메니아는 정정불안과 경제적 위기를 겪고 있다. 본 전쟁을 통해 남코카서스 지역에서 러시아의 정치, 군사적 영향력은 더욱 확대되었고, 터키는 아제르바이잔과 경제, 군사적 유대가 더욱 공고해졌다. 반면 유럽연합과 미국은 러시아와 터키를 견제하면서 경제적 이해를 보존하려 하고 있다. 이러한 요인들로 인해 2차 나고르노-카라바흐 전쟁 이후에도 아르메니아와 아제르바이잔간 대립과 긴장은 지속될 전망이다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan is an inter-state confrontation based on fabricated justification and excessive nationalism. And the logic and political strategy of realistic power between countries with asymmetric power resources are also inherent factors in the conflict. Also, Russia, a traditional hegemon with Eurasianism and Turkey's geopolitical interests with Azerbaijan are also a source of conflict. The policies of the United States and the European Union in response to this also form an external factor in the conflict.
The Second Nagorno-Karabakh War is a conflict for securing power resources between a politically unstable and economically weak democratic country and an authoritarian state with a strong political and military position. On the other hand, Armenia, which lost control in Nagorno-Karabakh, is experiencing political instability and economic crisis. Also, through this war, Russia's political and military influence in the South Caucasus region was further expanded. Turkey has further strengthened economic and military ties with Azerbaijan. The European Union and the United States, on the other hand, are trying to preserve their economic interests by keeping Russia and Turkey in check. Due to these factors, the confrontation and tension between Armenia and Azerbaijan is expected to continue even after the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War.

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