Backgrounds/Aims
Combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma is a rare type of primary liver cancer, which is thought to have a poorer prognosis than hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer stem cells are associated with tumorigenesis, tumor progression, rec...
Backgrounds/Aims
Combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma is a rare type of primary liver cancer, which is thought to have a poorer prognosis than hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer stem cells are associated with tumorigenesis, tumor progression, recurrence, metastasis, and poor prognosis in several malignancies including hepatocellular carcinoma. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression pattern of cancer stem cell markers in combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma, and to evaluate whether this pattern correlated to patient prognosis.
Methods
Thirteen patients who underwent curative hepatic resection for combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma and 13 patients who underwent curative hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (matched control cases) were included. Immunohistochemical staining for cancer stem cell markers (CK7, CK19, C-kit, CD44, CD133, and EpCAM) was performed and clinical outcomes were analyzed retrospectively.
Results
There was no significant difference in cancer stem cell marker expression between combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. In combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma, the group that expressed CD44 showed earlier recurrence than the group that did not express CD44 (p = 0.040).
Conclusions
The expression of cancer stem cell markers in combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma did not show a different pattern compared to that found in hepatocellular carcinoma. The expression of cancer stem cell marker CD44 was associated with poor prognosis in patients with combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma.