국제경제 ; 중국의 인적자본과 중국지역경제발전 격차에 관한 연구 = International Economics ; A Study on Human Capital and Regional Economic Development Disparity in China

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 중국의 지역경제발전 격차를 인적자본을 중심으로 분석하고 있다. 특히 인적자본을 초등 인적자본, 중등 인적자본, 고등 인적자본 세 수준으로 나누어, 각 수준의 인적자본이 지역경제발전에 대한 영향을 분석하였다. 우선 중국의 각 성별 전체 인적자본 스톡을 추정하고, 이를 바탕으로 각 성별 초등 인적자본, 중등 인적자본, 고등 인적자본을 추계하였다. 실증 회귀분석은 패널 GLS 방법을 이용하였다. 본 연구는 1997년~2004년을 분석기간으로 설정하고 있으며, 물적자본, 노동력, 인적자본을 설명변수로 이용하고 있다. 본 연구의 실증분석결과는 인적자본이 물적자본과 더불어 중국의 지역경제발전 격차를 설명하는 중요한 변수임을 발견하였으며, 시기별, 지역별, 인적자본 수준별로 각각 다른 영향을 가지고 있음을 발견하였다. 종합적으로 보면 초등 인적자본이 지역경제발전 격차에 대한 영향이 가장 현저함을 발견하였으며, 이는 중국의 지역경제발전 정책에 중요한 시사점을 가지고 있다. 즉 경제발전 수준이 다른 지역별로 인적자본의 증대를 위해서 각각 다른 정책이 필요하다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Human capital has an important role in regional economic development. This paper analyzes the regional economic development disparity in China, from the viewpoint of human capital. Especially, this paper separate human capital into three levels human capital, lower level human capital, middle level human capital, and high level human capital, and analyzes the relation between the three level human capital and regional economic development disparity. This paper estimates human capital stock in provincial level, and estimates the three level human capital stocks in provincial level. And estimate the physical capital stock, 1978 is the base year. The empirical study has three period, 1997~2004, 1997~2000, and 2001~2004. For the regional characteristics, this paper also separate country into three region, east region, middle region, and west region. The empirical analyzation use Lucas model, and regression uses panel GLS method. The results find that the human capital is the important variables in regional economic development disparity in China, and also find that there are different affectation by periods, by regions, by three levels.

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