Industrial drones are increasingly being utilized for a variety of applications such as surveillance, inspection, and surveying, offering greater efficiency, safety, and versatility in industrial settings. According to the Ministry of Land, Infrastruc...
Industrial drones are increasingly being utilized for a variety of applications such as surveillance, inspection, and surveying, offering greater efficiency, safety, and versatility in industrial settings. According to the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport, the drone market is projected to grow from 494.5 billion won in 2020 to 1 trillion won by 2025. However, conventional batterypowered drones face limitations due to their restricted flight time and lengthy charging periods. Consequently, there is a need for solutions that can offer high power density and faster charging speeds. Hydrogen fuel cells (FC) present a promising solution for industrial drones, as they can provide significantly longer flight times up to four times the range of battery-powered drones. Despite this advantage, fuel cells exhibit slow dynamic characteristics due to their longer operational startup times, which can lead to sluggish response and inadequate power supply during rapid changes in power demand. Moreover, hydrogen fuel cell systems require additional components, such as hydrogen storage tanks, power conversion units, and a balance of plant (BOP) system, to manage and stabilize the power supply and mitigate dynamic limitations. The BOP includes the fuel cell stack along with other essential components responsible for thermal management, water management, and air supply management. To address these dynamic constraints, fuel cells are often paired with batteries in a hybrid system, necessitating careful consideration of the structure and control strategies for effectively integrating the two power sources. To overcome these challenges, previous studies have proposed a variety of fuel cell-battery hybrid structures and control schemes. a parallel structure that directly connects the fuel cell and battery, simplifying the FC-battery hybrid system. While this parallel configuration reduces volume and weight, it also limits power distribution control performance because the operating range of the fuel cell and battery must be restricted to output the same rated voltage. To address this issue, configuration with converters at each output stage has been proposed, allowing for independent control of the two power sources. However, in systems where the fuel cell and battery are controlled independently, the differing control dynamics of the two sources can result in slower power transfer response, hindering the performance of FC-battery hybrid systems in industrial drones, especially those experiencing large load fluctuations. To address these issues, this thesis proposes a parallel configuration that integrates the FC-side converter with the battery, enabling unified control of both power outputs. The proposed control scheme and structure mitigate differences in control dynamics between the two power sources by adjusting the power delivered by the battery to the load side based on the FC output. This approach results in superior system response characteristics, facilitating highpower and high-density operation for industrial drones.