관습법상 법정지상권의 성립요건과 건물소유권의 보호에 대한 고찰 = A Study on the Protection of Building Ownership and Requirement of Legal Superficies in Customary Law

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

1. CONTENTS
(1) RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
When land and building once belonged to the same owner and later the possession of the land and building was yielded to different owners by disposal or other reasons, owner of the building shall acquire Legal Superficies in Customary Law for owner of the land, unless there is condition that the building should be Demolition.
However, when the possession of the land and building, which belonged to the same owner, was yielded to different owners without creating superficies or right of lease for the land, any surface structure must be demolished as the owner becomes a deforciant of the land. That the surface structure must be removed for the failure to create land usufruct may lead to a huge personal and national loss.
Thus Legal Superficies in Customary Law stipulates this, under the cloak of usage, as a real right under the Customary Law since the advent of civil law, but has a number of problems, including overprotection of building ownership, with an acknowledgement of legal superficies in customary law as complex judicial relation of requirement for establishment as well as compulsory sale by auction irrespective of disposal and bestowal.
In this respect, this research aimed to review the grounds and requirement for establishment of legal superficies in customary law through literatures, to pursue equality between owners of land and building and subsequent legal stability by inquiring into new interpretational and legislative improvements for the protection of building ownership by legal superficies in customary law, provided that the grounds and requirement for establishment of legal superficies in customary law are clearly stated.
(2) RESEARCH METHOD
Some domestic literatures and Supreme Court’s precedents are demonstrated and analyzed to shed a new light on new interpretational and legislative tasks for institutional problems.
(3) RESEARCH FINDINGS
Seeing the grounds of acknowledging legal superficies in customary law as ‘customary’, Chosun Supreme Court seeks the basis of acknowledgement from customary law. However, it is found that the conventional idea of selling off land and building separately is not plausible due, in large part, to its invisibility.
In the meantime, land and building should belong to the same owner at the time of disposal, for the legal superficies in customary law to come into existence. If the land and building are owned by the same person, an unregistered, unauthorized building can create legal superficies in customary law. But the person who purchased such unregistered building shall reserve no right to register or claim legal superficies in customary law to the land owner according to the Article 187 of Civil Law, and the land owner shall have no right to request for the demolition of building according to the principle of good faith.
2. RESULTS
Although it is often said that the legal superficies in customary law must be acknowledged for unauthorized buildings, this research suggests no possibility of acknowledgement for such structures for there is no reason to protect the ownership for unauthorized building against land owner.
In terms of compulsory sale by auction or public auction, the concept of Article 366 of Civil Law shall be extensively interpreted to protect building ownership, as it is hard to establish land usufruct at the will of person concerned.
However, if legal superficies in customary law is not acknowledged or lease contract for land is not concluded, it is impossible to protect the ownership of building.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• "ABSTRACT
• Ⅰ. 서론
• Ⅱ. 관습법상 법정지상권의 인정 근거
• Ⅲ. 관습법상 법정지상권의 성립 요건과 검토
• Ⅳ. 관습법상 법정지상권에 따른 건물 소유권의 보호에 대한 개선방안
• Ⅴ. 결론
• 參考文獻

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