香港華商馬敘朝的海外商業網絡初論(1900s∼1940s)

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Ma Tsui Chiu (in Cantonese pronunciation), born in Baisha, Taishan prefecture, Guandong province in 1878. He successfully founded two businesses in Hong Kong such as Kung Yau Yuen piece silk store and Cheong Wah Co., Ltd. Besides, he invested in steamship and railway companies. Ma emerged as a successful merchant in Hong Kong in the early of the twentieth century. He was successful in building up his business networks over the region of Hong Kong, South China and North America.
The information disclosed by the account books of Ma enabled us to understand how he had been successful to tape various sources of capital on one hand, and on the other hand connected with foreign banks such as HSBC and his group of firms including Kung Yau Yuen, Wuzhou Bank and Gongyu Bank. Thus, money was circulated among these institutions.
It is used to say that the Chinese tradition of writing account book is to grasp the networks wove by commodities, clients, and branches instead of counting the loss and profit. Chinese account books usually composed of three parts: customers, commodities, and branches. The notion of Chinese accounting is something more than a just record. Chinese merchants viewed personal relationship more important than any other things else since they collected capital and built up their personal trust by networking. Chinese merchants keep account for maintaining personal trust and balancing their networks composed by commodities, clients and branches. As according to the analysis of the account books kept by Ma Tsui Chiu, all the information including his operation of remittances, buying and selling of stocks and real properties, leasing and brokerage, can be derived from his account books, which has been discussed in this paper.
Ma’s businesses spanned over remittances, import/export trade, and leasing of properties. He acted for agent of the Ma’s family whose members wherever located in Taishan, Hong Kong, North America and elsewhere in the world. Ma did not only send money for them, but also helped them to make investment in the capital market of Hong Kong and China.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 引言
• Ⅱ. 馬?朝的匯款業務
• Ⅲ. 馬?朝如何利用流動的資金
• Ⅳ. 1930年代馬?朝投資或投機？
• Ⅴ. 成立大華和昌華公司
• Ⅵ. 結語
• 參考文獻
• Abstract

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 姚啟勳, "香港金融" 著者自刊 1940

2 單華封, "香港華商人名錄"

3 下條義克, "香港華僑概說" 東亞研究所 1939

4 吳醒濂, "香港華人名人史略" 五洲書局 1937

5 "香港大學圖書館藏馬敘朝文書"

6 橫濱正金銀行調查課, "英領馬來に於ける華僑送金の調查" 橫濱正金銀行 1936

7 鄧志清, "港澳聞人錄" 美聯社 1958

8 台山縣金融志編寫組, "台山金融志" 台山縣金融志編寫組 1988

9 鄭德華, "台山僑鄉與新寧鐵路" 中山大學出版社 1991

10 孔敏, "南開經濟指數資料彙編" 中國社會科學出版社 1988

11 利德蕙, "利氏長流" Calyan Publishing Ltd 1995

12 朝鮮銀行調查課, "中支より見たる香港金融市場と其の為替管理" 朝鮮銀行 1941

13 Jung-fang Ts’ai, "Hong Kong in Chinese History" Columbia University Press 1993

14 Catherine R. Schenk, "Hong Kong SAR’s Monetary and Exchange Rate Challenges: Historical Perspectives" Palgrave Macmillan 2009

15 Wong Siu-lun, "Hong Kong Economy and Society: Challenges in the New Era" Centre of Asian Studies, University of Hong Kong 1998

16 Shinya Sugiyama, "Commercial Networks in Modern Asia" Curzon 2001

17 Sucheng Chen, "Chinese American Transnationalism: The Flow of People, Resources, and Ideas between China and America during the Exclusion Era" Temple University Press 2006

18 Richard Harding, "British Ships in China Seas: 1700 to the Present Day" Society for National Research & National Museums Liverpool 2004