취학 전 고기능자폐아동의 이야기담화 중재 효과 = Applying Story Structure-Based Narrative Discourse Intervention for High-Functioning Childrenwith Autism

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study examined the applicability of story structure-based narrative discourse intervention to improve the narrative discourse production of three high-functioning children with autism. Participants were three preschool children with high-functioning autism(CA= 6;5, 5;11, & 6;3, respectively) and the experiment was made up of three phases with a total of eight sessions. The first phase was one pretest session, the second was six intervention sessions, and finally was one post-test session. In all sessions, a wordless picture book containing a total of six stories was used to elicit children's narratives. The narrative intervention consists of: ⑴ the story grammar model approach, ⑵ the strategic use of narrative devices for causal language and mentalizing terms. In the pre- and post-test phase, children are asked to listen to the first author tell the story while viewing the wordless picture book, and then asked to retell the story they heard with the wordless picture book to the second author. One-group pretest-post-test design was used to examine the effectiveness of the intervention. Also, each child's narrative was qualitatively analyzed. The results of this study are summarized as follows. After all intervention sessions, the number of story elements, the level of story structure, the frequency of the causal language, and mentalizing terms of all three participants increased. In addition, the story length and syntactic complexity also increased. Clinically significant results are discussed along with directions for further research.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구의 목적은 취학 전 고기능자폐아동 세 명을 대상으로 이야기구조에 기반 한 이야기담화 중재를 실시하여, 이야기담화 산출의 변화를 알아보는 것이다. 중재에는 이야기구조의 도식에 해당하는 이야기문법 교수를 중심으로 하여 인과적 언어 및 등장인물의 내적 상태에 관련한 이야기서술장치가 포함된다. 대상아동 세 명의 사전·사후 이야기담화 자료를 비교하고 질적으로 분석한 결과, 모든 대상아동들에서 이야기문법 요소의 사용이 다양해졌고, 이야기구조화 수준이 향상되었으며, 인과적 진술과 정신적 용어의 사용이 증가하였다. 이에 따라 이야기담화의 정합성이 향상되었고, 이야기의 길이와 구문적 복잡성이 증가하였다. 이러한 결과를 토대로, 이야기담화의 정합성과 이야기구조화 수준의 저하를 초래하는 고기능자폐아동의 기저 결함에 대해, 그리고 이 결함에 대한 중재에의 시사점에 관해 논의하였다.

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