Critical mass theory as a central theme of collective action theory is applied to the process by which groups and individuals attempt to influence the content of network television programs. Analysis of the makeup and actions of pressure groups identi...
Critical mass theory as a central theme of collective action theory is applied to the process by which groups and individuals attempt to influence the content of network television programs. Analysis of the makeup and actions of pressure groups identifies two distinct production functions which are each related to a specific type of pressure group. The actions(i.e., institutionalized and informal strategy) of groups representing homogeneous subpopulations may be described as a decelerating production function, in which those taking initial action have the strongest effect, with subsequent contributions reflecting disproportionately smaller payoffs. On the other hand, the actions(i.e., boycott strategy) of groups reflecting broader concerns are described as an accelerating production function in which the initial actions of the group lead to progressively larger payoffs. In either case, the key to influencing program content is the achievement of a "critical mass" of interest and resources from individuals.