정서표현에 대한 부정적 신념의 구조와 기능 = The Structure and Function of Negative Belief about Emotional Expression

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of 'Belief about Emotional Expression' on inhibition of emotional expression. In preliminary study, we developed 15 items scale by contents analysis. Factor analysis confirm 2 factor structure; ‘Instrumental- conventional beliefs’ and ‘emotive-relational beliefs’. It not only includes beliefs former theoretical results cover- self protective, prosocial beliefs, but also beliefs like power-work oriented, conventional impress managing beliefs. the Negative beliefs about emotional expression significantly explained ambivalence on emotional expression and low expressiveness together with low emotional awareness. it also show significant corelation with depression and anxiety. It means that the scale is reliable and valid and could explain the relationship between expressiveness and wellbeing. Belief on Emotional Expression could be antecedent that make ambivalence and suppression on expression, active supersession could affect emotional adaptiveness.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 정서표현의 억제를 동기화하는 내적 기제로 정서표현에 대한 신념이 작용함을 밝히고자 하였다. 정서표현의 결과나 기능을 어떻게 표상하는지에 대한 내용분석을 통해 15문항을 최종 선별하여 230명의 대학생을 대상으로 '정서표현에 대한 신념' 척도의 신뢰도와 타당도를 검토하였다. 정서표현의 신념 척도는 ‘도구-관습적 신념’과 ‘정서-관계적 신념’의 2요인 구조로, 기존 연구자들이 제안한 자기보호와 친사회성 관련 신념 외에 파워나 인상 유지와 관련된 넓은 범위의 도구적이고 관습적인 신념들을 포함하였다. 상관 및 회귀 분석 결과 정서표현에 대한 부정적인 신념이 높은 정서표현갈등, 낮은 정서인식과 정서표현성을 유의미하게 설명하였고, 우울과 불안의 적응지표와 유의미한 정적 상관관계를 보였다. 이러한 결과들은 낮은 표현성 자체가 병리적인 것이 아니라, 정서에 대한 부정적 신념이 선행요인으로 작용하여 정서표현의 갈등이나 억제를 유발하고 부적응 지표와 연결됨을 설명하였다는데 의의가 있다. 향후 연구의 방향 및 척도의 보완점들은 논의에서 기술하였다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 "정서중심적 대처의 재개념화 기능적 유사성에 근거한 대처차원의 구분" 2000

2 "정서의 체험 및 표현성이 건강과 심리적 안녕에 미치는 영향 사회 및 성격" 117-140, 1997

3 "억압적 성격 성향자의 정서적 특성과 정서 조절 방략" 2001

4 "psychometric patterns and behavioral responses to stress Journal of abnormal Psychology" high -anxious and repressive coping styles 369-380, 1979

5 "The repertoire of nonverbal behavior" 49-98, 1969

6 "The preliminary development of measure to assess attitudes towards emotional expression" 869-875, 1993

7 "The new ethology of human facial expressions" Cambridge University Press 103-129, 1997

8 "The development of self-control of emotion: Intrinsic and extrinsic influences." 7-26, 2003

9 "The development of display rule knowledge Linkages with family expressiveness and social competence" 1998

10 "The acute effects of inhibiting negative and positive emotion Journal of Abnormal Psychology" 1997

11 "The Emotions" Cambridge University Press 1986

12 "Review of General Psychology" 1998

13 "Relations between emotions" 2004183-208

14 "Limitations to the Voluntary Control of Facial Expressions of Emotion" Inhibiting Facial Expressions 259-270, 2000

15 "Kennedy-Moore, Jeanne C. & Watson, J." Expressing Emotion 3-63, 1999

16 "Journal of Personality and Social Psychology" Emotional suppression and expressive behavior 1993

17 "Individual differences in dispositional expressiveness:Development and validation of the Emotional Expressivity Scale" 66 : 1994

18 "Individual Differences in Two Emotion Regulation processes Implications for Affect Journal of Personality and Social Psychology" 348-85 362, 2003

19 "How and when does emotional expression help? Review of General Psychology" 2001187212

20 "Facial expression and emotion" 48 : 1993

21 "Exploring the roles of behavioral inhibition" 82-95, 1985

22 "Emotional Attention, Clarity, and Repair: Exploring Emotional Intelligence Using the Trait Meta-Mood Scale" 125-154, 1995

23 "Emotion regulation: Affective, cognitive, and social consequences" 2002

24 "Effects of Rumination and Distraction on Naturally Occurring Depressed Mood" (len-hoeksema) : 561-, 1993

25 "Display rules and facial affective behavior:A theoretical discussion and suggestions for research" 2 : 87-102, 1974

26 "Display rule behavior and understanding it in preschool children" 18 : 1994

27 "Development of a questionnaire measure of emotional control" 27 : 1983

28 "Development and validation of a measure of display rule knowledge" 23-40, 2005

29 "Continuity in emotion knowledge from preschool to middle-childhood and relation to emotion socialization" 247-266, 1999

30 "Conflict over emotional expression:Psychological and physical correlates" 58 : 1990

31 "Children's understanding of verbal and facial display rules" 1986

32 "Children's understanding of display rules for expressive behavior" 15 : 1979

33 "Antecedents and consequences of emotional display rule perceptions" 284-294, 2003

34 "Antecedent- and response- focused emotion regulation: Divergent consequences for experience, expression, and physiology" expression 1998a

35 "A perspective from differential emotions theory" Emotions and facial expressions 1997