가젤형 벤처기업과 일반 벤처기업 간역량 비교 연구 = A Comparative Study on the Competencies between Gazelle and General Venture Companies

국문 초록 (Abstract)

성장성이 높은 가젤형 기업은 벤처기업 성장에도 중요한 역할을 하고 있음에도 불구하고, 이에 대한 실증연구는 미흡한 상황이다. 이에 본 연구는 High Risk, High Return 특성의 고성장기업군인 벤처기업을 대상으로 가젤형 벤처기업의 성공요인을 실증적으로 규명하고자 시도되었으며, 본 연구목적 달성을 위해 2010년 벤처 기업정밀실태조사 자료가 활용되었다. 연구결과, 가젤형 벤처기업은 고성장기업과 강소기업의 특성이 그대로 투영된 특징을 보였다. 즉, 인적자원, 기술혁신, 시장지향성, 시장개척 등 고성장기업 및 강소기업이 갖는 공통적 특성을 지니고 있었으며, 이러한 결과는 향후 가젤형 벤처기업의 중복연구를 피할수 있는 가이드라인이 될 수 있을 것이다. 또한, 가젤형 벤처기업의 핵심역량은 기술혁신을 기반으로 한 마케팅 역량인 것을 확인할수 있었다. 가젤형 벤처기업은 기술자원이 더 많다기보다는 기술 역량이 더 큰 것으로 보이며, 시장지향성, 브랜드력, 시장개척력 등으로 대변되는 마케팅 역량이 가젤형 벤처기업이 일반 벤처기업보다 더욱 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 이는 가젤형 벤처기업은 경쟁사보다 먼저 시장이나 고객에 반응하여 제품·서비스를 고객중심으로 통합하여 신시장 개척에 더 적극적인 것으로 해석된다. 본 연구는 벤처기업을 대표할 수 있는 표본을 분석하여 연구결과의 일반화 가능성을 높였으나, 구성개념은 대표변수를 고려하여 분석하였을 뿐 척도개발이 체계적으로 이루어 지지 못 하였다. 따라서 향후 연구에서는 이러한 한계점을 극복함은 물론, 기술혁신 기반마케팅 역량을 키울 수 있는 벤처기업 지원정책에 관한 더 깊은 연구가 이루어져야 할것으로 보인다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

While Gazelle companies have played an important role in the national economy, little empirical tests have been made to characterize the core competencies of those companies. This paper empirically analyzes the key factors of Gazelle venture companies’ success from detailed survey data of venture companies in 2010. It shows that Gazelle venture companies have the same characteristics with other fast-growing companies and are small-hidden champions in the areas of human resources, technology innovation, market orientation and new market exploitation, which gives a guideline for future study. It also shows that the key element of competencies of Gazelle venture companies is the marketing capability based on technology innovation. Coupled with higher market orientation and strong brand power, they have recorded stronger performances than those of ordinary venture companies. They have more advantage in the area of technology competency, rather than the technology resource itself. This paper contributes to generalize the empirical results with more broad data of venture companies. However, the construct idea was analyzed by considering just the representation variable and there is some area of improvement in scaling the individual indicators. Also, a more in-depth study is needed to develop the venture policy measures to upgrade the technology innovation-based marketing capability of venture companies.

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