CHILD LABOUR, HUMAN CAPITAL ACCUMULATION AND FOREIGN AID

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In a three period overlapping generations model with child labour, exogenous increases in child health endowments increase child labour and fertility. On the other hand, cash transfer and compulsory education funded through foreign aid have a negative effect on child labour. Foreign aid has a positive effects on fertility if cash transfers for child support are unconditional, and no effect if transfers are conditional on time spent in school. This result supports conditional cash transfer programs like the Bolsa Familia.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Jafarey, S., "Will Trade Sanctions Reduce Child Labour? The Role of Credit Markets" 68 (68): 137-156, 2002

2 Ashraf, Q.H., "When Does Improving Health Raise GDP?" National Bureau of Economic Research 2008

3 Neumayer, E., "Trade Openness, Foreign Direct Investment and Child Labor" 33 (33): 43-63, 2005

4 Kalemli-Ozcan, S., "The Uncertain Lifetime and the Timing of Human Capital Investment" 21 (21): 557-572, 2008

5 Stambler, M., "The Effect of Compulsory Education and Child Labor Laws on High School Attendance in New York City, 1898-1917" 8 (8): 189-214, 1968

6 Basu, K., "The Economics of Child Labour" 90 (90): 1160-1183, 1998

7 Gallup, J. L., "The Economic Burden of Malaria" 64 (64): 85-96, 2001

8 Cutler, D., "The Determinants of Mortality" NBER 2006

9 Weiner, M., "The Child and the State in India: Child Labor and Education Policy in Comparative Perspective" Princeton University Press 1991

10 UNICEF, "State of the World’s Children" Oxford University Press 1997

11 Schultz, P. T., "School Subsidies for the Poor: Evaluating the Mexican Progresa Poverty Program" 74 (74): 199-250, 2004

12 Behrman, J. R., "Parental Preferences and Provision for Progeny" 90 (90): 52-73, 1982

13 Asiedu, E., "On the Impact of Foreign Aid in Education on Growth: How Relevant Is the Heterogeneity of Aid Flows and the Heterogeneity of Aid Recipients?" 143 (143): 631-649, 2007

14 Chakraborty, S., "Mortality, Fertility and Child Labour" 86 (86): 273-278, 2005

15 Baland, J. M., "Mortality Risks, Education and Child Labor" 84 (84): 118-137, 2007

16 Zhang J, "Mortality Decline and Long-Run Economic Growth" 80 : 485-507, 2001

17 Eswaran, M., "Institutions, Incentives and Economic Reforms in India" Sage 267-296, 2000

18 Nag, M., "How Modernization Can Also Increase Fertility" 21 (21): 571-580, 1980

19 Diallo, Y., "Global Child Labour Developments: Measuring Trends from 2004 to 2008" ILO 2010

20 Azarnert, L. V., "Free Education, Fertility and Human Capital Accumulation" 23 (23): 449-468, 2010

21 Azarnert, L. V., "Foreign Aid, Fertility and Human Capital Accumulation" 75 (75): 766-781, 2008

22 Zhang, J., "Fertility, Growth, and Public Investments in Children" 30 (30): 835-843, 1997

23 Boucekkine, R., "Early Mortality Declines at the Dawn of Modern Growth" 105 (105): 401-418, 2003

24 Hazan, M., "Does Longevity Cause Growth? A Theoretical Critique" 11 (11): 363-376, 2006

25 Dreher, A., "Does Aid for Education Educate Children? Evidence from Panel Data" 22 (22): 291-314, 2008

26 Acemoglu, D., "Disease and Development: The Effect of Life Expectancy on Economic Growth" 115 (115): 925-985, 2007

27 Skoufias, E., "Conditional Cash Transfers and Their Impact on Child Work and Schooling: Evidence from the Progresa Program in Mexico [with Comments]" 2 (2): 45-96, 2001

28 Azarnert, L. V., "Child Mortality, Fertility and Human Capital Accumulation" 19 (19): 285-297, 2006

29 Strulik, H., "Child Mortality, Child Labour and Economic Development" 114 (114): 547-568, 2004

30 Doepke, M., "Child Mortality and Fertility Decline: Does the Barro-Becker Model Fit the Facts?" 18 (18): 337-366, 2005

31 Humphries, J., "Child Labor: Lessons from the Historical Experience of Today’s Industrial Economies" 17 (17): 176-196, 2003

32 Hindman, H. G., "Child Labor: An American History" Armonk Sharpe 2002

33 Kitaura, K., "Child Labor, Education Aid, and Economic Growth" 31 (31): 614-620, 2009

34 Cunningham, H., "Child Labor in Historical Perspective, 1800-1985: Case Studies from Europe" UNICEF 1996

35 Nardinelli, C., "Child Labor and the Factory Acts" 40 (40): 739-755, 1980

36 Edmonds, E. V., "Child Labor and Schooling Responses to Anticipated Income in South Africa" 81 (81): 386-414, 2006

37 Miller, C., "Cash Transfers and Children’s Education and Labour among Malawi’s Poor" 30 (30): 499-522, 2012

38 ILO, "Accelerating Action Against Child Labour" 2010

39 Kalemli-Ozcan, S., "A Stochastic Model of Mortality, Fertility, and Human Capital Investment" 70 (70): 103-118, 2003