Brexit 협상과정에서의 유럽의회(EP) 내 영국독립당(UKIP)의 정치 활동 분석 = An analysis on UKIP’s political behavior in the EP in the Brexit negotiations

국문 초록 (Abstract)

2018년 11월 25일 메이 정부와 유럽이사회는 Brexit 최종합의안을 채택하였지만 탈퇴합의안은 영국 의회 내 비준과정에서 갈등을 야기하였다. 메이 총리의 요청에 따라 유럽이사회는 Brexit 기한을 2019년 10월까지 연기하기로 하면서 영국은 EP 선거에 참여하게 되었다. 2019년 5월 23일 진행된 EP 선거에서 UKIP으로부터 분리된 Brexit Party는 최대의석을 확보하였다. 본 연구는 2014년 EP 선거에서 영국 내 최대의석을 확보한 UKIP이 Brexit 협상과정에서 어떤 정치적 활동을 하였는가를 분석하고, 이 활동과 2019년 선거 결과와의 연관성을 확인한다. 2017년 6월 19일부터 시작된 Brexit 협상에 대해 EP는 4차례 결의안을 채택하여 EP의 공동입장을 명확히 하였다. EP 총회의 결의안 채택과정에서 UKIP은 EFDD를 통해 정치 영향력을 확보하고 Brexit에 대한 자신의 입장이 반영되도록 시도하였지만, EFDD의 영향력 미흡과 구성 정당 간 이견으로 인해 UKIP의 주장은 고립되었다. 그러나 EP 총회에서 EFDD 대표 발언을 진행했던 UKIP의 패라지 대표는 UKIP의 정체성을 명확하게 나타냈고, 이로 인해 2019 EP 선거에서 패라지의 Brexit Party는 보수당을 대체할 수 있는 정당으로 유권자들의 선택을 받을 수 있었다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Although on November 25, 2018, the UK and the European Council achieved a ‘Withdrawal Agreement’ for Brexit, there was a political conflict in the British Parliament on the ratification. Due to the Prime Minister May’s demand for the postponement of Brexit, the European Council decided to delay Brexit until October 2019 and the UK participated the European election in May 2019. As a result of the election, Brexit Party has become the largest party in the UK. This study purposes an analysis on UKIP’s political behavior in the EP and understands a correlation between UKIP’s behavior in the EP and the result of the election. Since June 19, 2017, the EP adopted four resolution and explained its position on Brexit. Furthermore, in the progress of the EP resolution, UKIP attempted its position to be adopted based on EFDD. However, due to the weakness of EFDD’s political influence and political disagreement in EFDD, UKIP was isolated. Nevertheless UKIP’s leader Nigel Farage argued UKIP’s own position rather than gathering EFDD’s opinion when he referred to the EFDD leader’s speech in the EP plenary. This may influence the result of the European election.

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