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      Seeing the Indian Initiation Films through Satyajit Ray’s Apu Trilogy

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      다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

      The Indian film industry represents the “Third World” with its abundant productions and widespread theatrical releases. The commercial films are said to be distinguished by songs and dances inserted unexpectedly, dark melodrama, copious exposition, and stupid comedies. Nonetheless, Satyajit Ray’s Apu Trilogy of the 1950s is highly appreciated, even in the Western world, and twenty years after being burnt in a fire, it has recently been restored. Notably, three films, Pather Panchali, Aparajito, and Apur Sansar, are worthy of the historically significant milestone, meaning a typical Indian Bildungsroman or autobiographical style. This movie trilogy, which is in stark contrast to the recent initiation films of India, realistically belongs to the dramatic-transition style. With these considerations, this paper aims to apply the properties of the traditional Bildungsroman to the Apu Trilogy in its discussion of the Indian initiation films. Through this analysis, the properties of the trilogy prove to be in relative contrast to the other exemplary works of Ankhon Dekhi (2013) and Queen (2014): The speed and level of tension of the development of the story, the legitimacy and closeness of the relationship between family members, the roles of the supporting characters, the intelligibility of the turning points that result from the conflicts, and the necessity of the symbolic environment for the audiences’ understanding. Finally, this research suggests that the dramatic-transition style is more applicable to films from fiction, meaning the extension of the traditional Bildungsroman.
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      The Indian film industry represents the “Third World” with its abundant productions and widespread theatrical releases. The commercial films are said to be distinguished by songs and dances inserted unexpectedly, dark melodrama, copious exposition...

      The Indian film industry represents the “Third World” with its abundant productions and widespread theatrical releases. The commercial films are said to be distinguished by songs and dances inserted unexpectedly, dark melodrama, copious exposition, and stupid comedies. Nonetheless, Satyajit Ray’s Apu Trilogy of the 1950s is highly appreciated, even in the Western world, and twenty years after being burnt in a fire, it has recently been restored. Notably, three films, Pather Panchali, Aparajito, and Apur Sansar, are worthy of the historically significant milestone, meaning a typical Indian Bildungsroman or autobiographical style. This movie trilogy, which is in stark contrast to the recent initiation films of India, realistically belongs to the dramatic-transition style. With these considerations, this paper aims to apply the properties of the traditional Bildungsroman to the Apu Trilogy in its discussion of the Indian initiation films. Through this analysis, the properties of the trilogy prove to be in relative contrast to the other exemplary works of Ankhon Dekhi (2013) and Queen (2014): The speed and level of tension of the development of the story, the legitimacy and closeness of the relationship between family members, the roles of the supporting characters, the intelligibility of the turning points that result from the conflicts, and the necessity of the symbolic environment for the audiences’ understanding. Finally, this research suggests that the dramatic-transition style is more applicable to films from fiction, meaning the extension of the traditional Bildungsroman.

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      참고문헌 (Reference)

      1 김은진, "이니시에이션 스토리의 새로운 타이폴로지 - 『붉은 망아지』, <검은 종마>, <듀마(Duma)>" 인문사회과학연구소 16 (16): 111-132, 2015

      2 Marcus, M., "What is an initiation story" 19 (19): 221-228, 1960

      3 Lee, G. G., "Two types of initiation process: Star Trek: The Motion Picture and First Contact" 23 : 97-116, 2015

      4 Farmer, S., "This trilogy is the best binge-viewing experience of the year"

      5 Gabriel, T., "Third cinema in the third world" U of Michigan 1982

      6 Cocalis, S. L., "The transformation of bildung from an image to an Ideal" 70 : 399-414, 1978

      7 Feng, P., "The female Bildungsroman by Toni Morrison and Maxine Hong Klington: a postmodern reading" Peter Lang 1998

      8 Thorval, Y., "The cinemas of India (1896-2000)" Macmillan 2000

      9 Branigan, E., "The Routledge encyclopedia of film theory" Routledge 2013

      10 Brody, R., "The Miraculous Apu trilogy"

      1 김은진, "이니시에이션 스토리의 새로운 타이폴로지 - 『붉은 망아지』, <검은 종마>, <듀마(Duma)>" 인문사회과학연구소 16 (16): 111-132, 2015

      2 Marcus, M., "What is an initiation story" 19 (19): 221-228, 1960

      3 Lee, G. G., "Two types of initiation process: Star Trek: The Motion Picture and First Contact" 23 : 97-116, 2015

      4 Farmer, S., "This trilogy is the best binge-viewing experience of the year"

      5 Gabriel, T., "Third cinema in the third world" U of Michigan 1982

      6 Cocalis, S. L., "The transformation of bildung from an image to an Ideal" 70 : 399-414, 1978

      7 Feng, P., "The female Bildungsroman by Toni Morrison and Maxine Hong Klington: a postmodern reading" Peter Lang 1998

      8 Thorval, Y., "The cinemas of India (1896-2000)" Macmillan 2000

      9 Branigan, E., "The Routledge encyclopedia of film theory" Routledge 2013

      10 Brody, R., "The Miraculous Apu trilogy"

      11 Swales, M., "The German Bildungsroman from Wieland to Hesse" Princeton UP 1978

      12 Film Forum, "The Apu Trilogy"

      13 Ray, S., "Speaking of films" Penguin Books India 2005

      14 Rainer, P., "Satyajit Ray’s “Apu Trilogy,” now restored, is a masterpiece"

      15 Seton, M., "Satyajit Ray: portrait of a director"

      16 Gupta, C. D., "Satyajit Ray: an anthology of statements on Ray and by Ray" Directorate of Film Festivals 1981

      17 "Riverside Webster’s Ⅱ new college dictionary" Houghton Mifflin Company 1995

      18 Banerjee, H., "Ritwik Kumar Ghatak: a monograph" National Film Archive of India 1985

      19 Robinson, W., "Restored Apu Trilogy returns Satyajit Ray’s humane work to theaters"

      20 Reuben, B., "Raj Kapoor: the fabulous showman" National Film Development Corporation 1988

      21 Bahl, V., "Queen [Motion picture" Viacom 18 Motion Pictures 2014

      22 UN News Centre, "Nigeria surpasses Hollywood as world's second largest film producer–UN"

      23 Ebert, R., "Great movie, the Apu triology"

      24 The Telegraph, "Filmi funda Pather Panchali (1955)"

      25 Thompson, K., "Film history an introduction" McGraw-Hill 2010

      26 Costner, K., "Dances with Wolves: the Illustrated Story of the Epic Film" Newmarket 1999

      27 Encyclopedia Britannica, "Bildungsroman"

      28 Kapoor, R., "Ankhon Dekhi [Motion picture]" Mithya Talkies 2014

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      학술지 이력
      연월일 이력구분 이력상세 등재구분
      2022 평가예정 재인증평가 신청대상 (재인증)
      2019-01-01 평가 등재학술지 유지 (계속평가) KCI등재
      2016-01-01 평가 등재학술지 유지 (계속평가) KCI등재
      2013-04-22 학회명변경 영문명 : FOREIGN STUDIES CENTER -> FOREIGN STUDIES INSTITUTE KCI등재
      2012-01-01 평가 등재학술지 선정 (등재후보2차) KCI등재
      2011-01-01 평가 등재후보 1차 PASS (등재후보1차) KCI등재후보
      2009-01-01 평가 등재후보학술지 선정 (신규평가) KCI등재후보
      2007-09-03 학회명변경 한글명 : 외국어문학연구소 -> 외국학연구소
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      2016 0.28 0.28 0.25
      KCIF(4년) KCIF(5년) 중심성지수(3년) 즉시성지수
      0.22 0.2 0.437 0.12
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