Gender-specific risk factors for suicidal ideation among adolescents in urban Paraguay during the COVID-19 pandemic: A baseline survey

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

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다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the factors contributing to suicidal ideation among Paraguayan adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on sex differences. The study seeks to provide valuable insights for targeted suicide prevention education interventions tailored to adolescents’ needs. Methods: The study utilized stratified random sampling involving 12,146 adolescents aged 13-16 from 21 health promotion schools in Limpio, Paraguay. A total of 567 participants completed a survey through face-to-face interviews. Data analysis was conducted using binary logistic regression, with suicidal ideation in the past 12 months as the dependent variable, and socio-demographic, psychological, health behavior, violence, and supportive factors independent variables. Results: Overall, 17.6% of boys and 32.2% of girls reported experiencing suicidal ideation in the last 12 months. Factors such as depression and loneliness were significant factors of suicidal ideation among boys, while girls were significantly affected by their BMI, depression, loneliness, alcohol and drug use, bullying experiences, and parental understanding. Conclusion: While school health policies have traditionally focused on physical health, the COVID-19 pandemic underscores the importance of a comprehensive approach that addresses mental health as well. Developing intervention programs that encompass both mental and physical health and take into account cultural considerations can promote equity and prevent adolescent suicide.